dlib/tools/convert_dlib_nets_to_caffe/main.cpp

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#include <dlib/xml_parser.h>
#include <dlib/matrix.h>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <stack>
#include <set>
#include <dlib/string.h>
using namespace std;
using namespace dlib;
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Only these computational layers have parameters
const std::set<string> comp_tags_with_params = {"fc", "fc_no_bias", "con", "affine_con", "affine_fc", "affine", "prelu"};
struct layer
{
string type; // comp, loss, or input
int idx;
matrix<long,4,1> output_tensor_shape; // (N,K,NR,NC)
string detail_name; // The name of the tag inside the layer tag. e.g. fc, con, max_pool, input_rgb_image.
std::map<string,double> attributes;
matrix<double> params;
long tag_id = -1; // If this isn't -1 then it means this layer was tagged, e.g. wrapped with tag2<> giving tag_id==2
long skip_id = -1; // If this isn't -1 then it means this layer draws its inputs from
// the most recent layer with tag_id==skip_id rather than its immediate predecessor.
double attribute (const string& key) const
{
auto i = attributes.find(key);
if (i != attributes.end())
return i->second;
else
throw dlib::error("Layer doesn't have the requested attribute '" + key + "'.");
}
string caffe_layer_name() const
{
if (type == "input")
return "data";
else
return detail_name+to_string(idx);
}
};
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
std::vector<layer> parse_dlib_xml(
const matrix<long,4,1>& input_tensor_shape,
const string& xml_filename
);
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
template <typename iterator>
const layer& find_layer (
iterator i,
long tag_id
)
/*!
requires
- i is a reverse iterator pointing to a layer in the list of layers produced by parse_dlib_xml().
- i is not an input layer.
ensures
- if (tag_id == -1) then
- returns the previous layer (i.e. closer to the input) to layer i.
- else
- returns the previous layer (i.e. closer to the input) to layer i with the
given tag_id.
!*/
{
if (tag_id == -1)
{
return *(i-1);
}
else
{
while(true)
{
i--;
// if we hit the end of the network before we found what we were looking for
if (i->tag_id == tag_id)
return *i;
if (i->type == "input")
throw dlib::error("Network definition is bad, a layer wanted to skip back to a non-existing layer.");
}
}
}
template <typename iterator>
const layer& find_input_layer (iterator i) { return find_layer(i, i->skip_id); }
template <typename iterator>
string find_layer_caffe_name (
iterator i,
long tag_id
)
{
return find_layer(i,tag_id).caffe_layer_name();
}
template <typename iterator>
string find_input_layer_caffe_name (iterator i) { return find_input_layer(i).caffe_layer_name(); }
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
template <typename EXP>
void print_as_np_array(std::ostream& out, const matrix_exp<EXP>& m)
{
out << "np.array([";
for (auto x : m)
out << x << ",";
out << "], dtype='float32')";
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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void convert_dlib_xml_to_caffe_python_code(
const string& xml_filename,
const long N,
const long K,
const long NR,
const long NC
)
{
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const string out_filename = left_substr(xml_filename,".") + "_dlib_to_caffe_model.py";
cout << "Writing model to " << out_filename << endl;
ofstream fout(out_filename);
fout.precision(9);
const auto layers = parse_dlib_xml({N,K,NR,NC}, xml_filename);
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fout << "#\n";
fout << "# !!! This file was automatically generated by dlib's tools/convert_dlib_nets_to_caffe utility. !!!\n";
fout << "# !!! It contains all the information from a dlib DNN network and lets you save it as a cafe model. !!!\n";
fout << "#\n";
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fout << "import caffe " << endl;
fout << "from caffe import layers as L, params as P" << endl;
fout << "import numpy as np" << endl;
// dlib nets don't commit to a batch size, so just use 1 as the default
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fout << "\n# Input tensor dimensions" << endl;
fout << "input_batch_size = " << N << ";" << endl;
if (layers.back().detail_name == "input_rgb_image")
{
fout << "input_num_channels = 3;" << endl;
fout << "input_num_rows = "<<NR<<";" << endl;
fout << "input_num_cols = "<<NC<<";" << endl;
if (K != 3)
throw dlib::error("The dlib model requires input tensors with NUM_CHANNELS==3, but the dtoc command line specified NUM_CHANNELS=="+to_string(K));
}
else if (layers.back().detail_name == "input_rgb_image_sized")
{
fout << "input_num_channels = 3;" << endl;
fout << "input_num_rows = " << layers.back().attribute("nr") << ";" << endl;
fout << "input_num_cols = " << layers.back().attribute("nc") << ";" << endl;
if (NR != layers.back().attribute("nr"))
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throw dlib::error("The dlib model requires input tensors with NUM_ROWS=="+to_string((long)layers.back().attribute("nr"))+", but the dtoc command line specified NUM_ROWS=="+to_string(NR));
if (NC != layers.back().attribute("nc"))
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throw dlib::error("The dlib model requires input tensors with NUM_COLUMNS=="+to_string((long)layers.back().attribute("nc"))+", but the dtoc command line specified NUM_COLUMNS=="+to_string(NC));
if (K != 3)
throw dlib::error("The dlib model requires input tensors with NUM_CHANNELS==3, but the dtoc command line specified NUM_CHANNELS=="+to_string(K));
}
else if (layers.back().detail_name == "input")
{
fout << "input_num_channels = 1;" << endl;
fout << "input_num_rows = "<<NR<<";" << endl;
fout << "input_num_cols = "<<NC<<";" << endl;
if (K != 1)
throw dlib::error("The dlib model requires input tensors with NUM_CHANNELS==1, but the dtoc command line specified NUM_CHANNELS=="+to_string(K));
}
else
{
throw dlib::error("No known transformation from dlib's " + layers.back().detail_name + " layer to caffe.");
}
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fout << endl;
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fout << "# Call this function to write the dlib DNN model out to file as a pair of caffe\n";
fout << "# definition and weight files. You can then use the network by loading it with\n";
fout << "# this statement: \n";
fout << "# net = caffe.Net(def_file, weights_file, caffe.TEST);\n";
fout << "#\n";
fout << "def save_as_caffe_model(def_file, weights_file):\n";
fout << " with open(def_file, 'w') as f: f.write(str(make_netspec()));\n";
fout << " net = caffe.Net(def_file, caffe.TEST);\n";
fout << " set_network_weights(net);\n";
fout << " net.save(weights_file);\n\n";
fout << "###############################################################################\n";
fout << "# EVERYTHING BELOW HERE DEFINES THE DLIB MODEL PARAMETERS #\n";
fout << "###############################################################################\n\n\n";
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// The next block of code outputs python code that defines the network architecture.
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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fout << "def make_netspec():" << endl;
fout << " # For reference, the only \"documentation\" about caffe layer parameters seems to be this page:\n";
fout << " # https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/blob/master/src/caffe/proto/caffe.proto\n" << endl;
fout << " n = caffe.NetSpec(); " << endl;
fout << " n.data,n.label = L.MemoryData(batch_size=input_batch_size, channels=input_num_channels, height=input_num_rows, width=input_num_cols, ntop=2)" << endl;
// iterate the layers starting with the input layer
for (auto i = layers.rbegin(); i != layers.rend(); ++i)
{
// skip input and loss layers
if (i->type == "loss" || i->type == "input")
continue;
if (i->detail_name == "con")
{
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fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.Convolution(n." << find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
fout << ", num_output=" << i->attribute("num_filters");
fout << ", kernel_w=" << i->attribute("nc");
fout << ", kernel_h=" << i->attribute("nr");
fout << ", stride_w=" << i->attribute("stride_x");
fout << ", stride_h=" << i->attribute("stride_y");
fout << ", pad_w=" << i->attribute("padding_x");
fout << ", pad_h=" << i->attribute("padding_y");
fout << ");\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "relu")
{
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fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.ReLU(n." << find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
fout << ");\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "sig")
{
fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.Sigmoid(n." << find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
fout << ");\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "prelu")
{
fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.PReLU(n." << find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
fout << ", channel_shared=True";
fout << ");\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "max_pool")
{
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fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.Pooling(n." << find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
fout << ", pool=P.Pooling.MAX";
if (i->attribute("nc")==0)
{
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fout << ", global_pooling=True";
}
else
{
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fout << ", kernel_w=" << i->attribute("nc");
fout << ", kernel_h=" << i->attribute("nr");
}
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fout << ", stride_w=" << i->attribute("stride_x");
fout << ", stride_h=" << i->attribute("stride_y");
fout << ", pad_w=" << i->attribute("padding_x");
fout << ", pad_h=" << i->attribute("padding_y");
fout << ");\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "avg_pool")
{
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fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.Pooling(n." << find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
fout << ", pool=P.Pooling.AVE";
if (i->attribute("nc")==0)
{
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fout << ", global_pooling=True";
}
else
{
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fout << ", kernel_w=" << i->attribute("nc");
fout << ", kernel_h=" << i->attribute("nr");
}
if (i->attribute("padding_x") != 0 || i->attribute("padding_y") != 0)
{
throw dlib::error("dlib and caffe implement pooling with non-zero padding differently, so you can't convert a "
"network with such pooling layers.");
}
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fout << ", stride_w=" << i->attribute("stride_x");
fout << ", stride_h=" << i->attribute("stride_y");
fout << ", pad_w=" << i->attribute("padding_x");
fout << ", pad_h=" << i->attribute("padding_y");
fout << ");\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "fc")
{
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fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.InnerProduct(n." << find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
fout << ", num_output=" << i->attribute("num_outputs");
fout << ", bias_term=True";
fout << ");\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "fc_no_bias")
{
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fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.InnerProduct(n." << find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
fout << ", num_output=" << i->attribute("num_outputs");
fout << ", bias_term=False";
fout << ");\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "bn_con" || i->detail_name == "bn_fc")
{
throw dlib::error("Conversion from dlib's batch norm layers to caffe's isn't supported. Instead, "
"you should put your dlib network into 'test mode' by switching batch norm layers to affine layers. "
"Then you can convert that 'test mode' network to caffe.");
}
else if (i->detail_name == "affine_con")
{
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fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.Scale(n." << find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
fout << ", bias_term=True";
fout << ");\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "affine_fc")
{
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fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.Scale(n." << find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
fout << ", bias_term=True";
fout << ");\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "add_prev")
{
auto in_shape1 = find_input_layer(i).output_tensor_shape;
auto in_shape2 = find_layer(i,i->attribute("tag")).output_tensor_shape;
if (in_shape1 != in_shape2)
{
// if only the number of channels differs then we will use a dummy layer to
// pad with zeros. But otherwise we will throw an error.
if (in_shape1(0) == in_shape2(0) &&
in_shape1(2) == in_shape2(2) &&
in_shape1(3) == in_shape2(3))
{
fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << "_zeropad = L.DummyData(num=" << in_shape1(0);
fout << ", channels="<<std::abs(in_shape1(1)-in_shape2(1));
fout << ", height="<<in_shape1(2);
fout << ", width="<<in_shape1(3);
fout << ");\n";
string smaller_layer = find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
string bigger_layer = find_layer_caffe_name(i, i->attribute("tag"));
if (in_shape1(1) > in_shape2(1))
swap(smaller_layer, bigger_layer);
fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << "_concat = L.Concat(n." << smaller_layer;
fout << ", n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << "_zeropad";
fout << ");\n";
fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.Eltwise(n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << "_concat";
fout << ", n." << bigger_layer;
fout << ", operation=P.Eltwise.SUM";
fout << ");\n";
}
else
{
std::ostringstream sout;
sout << "The dlib network contained an add_prev layer (layer idx " << i->idx << ") that adds two previous ";
sout << "layers with different output tensor dimensions. Caffe's equivalent layer, Eltwise, doesn't support ";
sout << "adding layers together with different dimensions. In the special case where the only difference is ";
sout << "in the number of channels, this converter program will add a dummy layer that outputs a tensor full of zeros ";
sout << "and concat it appropriately so this will work. However, this network you are converting has tensor dimensions ";
sout << "different in values other than the number of channels. In particular, here are the two tensor shapes (batch size, channels, rows, cols): ";
std::ostringstream sout2;
sout2 << wrap_string(sout.str()) << endl;
sout2 << trans(in_shape1);
sout2 << trans(in_shape2);
throw dlib::error(sout2.str());
}
}
else
{
fout << " n." << i->caffe_layer_name() << " = L.Eltwise(n." << find_input_layer_caffe_name(i);
fout << ", n." << find_layer_caffe_name(i, i->attribute("tag"));
fout << ", operation=P.Eltwise.SUM";
fout << ");\n";
}
}
else
{
throw dlib::error("No known transformation from dlib's " + i->detail_name + " layer to caffe.");
}
}
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fout << " return n.to_proto();\n\n" << endl;
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// The next block of code outputs python code that populates all the filter weights.
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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fout << "def set_network_weights(net):\n";
fout << " # populate network parameters\n";
// iterate the layers starting with the input layer
for (auto i = layers.rbegin(); i != layers.rend(); ++i)
{
// skip input and loss layers
if (i->type == "loss" || i->type == "input")
continue;
if (i->detail_name == "con")
{
const long num_filters = i->attribute("num_filters");
matrix<double> weights = trans(rowm(i->params,range(0,i->params.size()-num_filters-1)));
matrix<double> biases = trans(rowm(i->params,range(i->params.size()-num_filters, i->params.size()-1)));
// main filter weights
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fout << " p = "; print_as_np_array(fout,weights); fout << ";\n";
fout << " p.shape = net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][0].data.shape;\n";
fout << " net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][0].data[:] = p;\n";
// biases
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fout << " p = "; print_as_np_array(fout,biases); fout << ";\n";
fout << " p.shape = net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][1].data.shape;\n";
fout << " net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][1].data[:] = p;\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "fc")
{
matrix<double> weights = trans(rowm(i->params, range(0,i->params.nr()-2)));
matrix<double> biases = rowm(i->params, i->params.nr()-1);
// main filter weights
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fout << " p = "; print_as_np_array(fout,weights); fout << ";\n";
fout << " p.shape = net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][0].data.shape;\n";
fout << " net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][0].data[:] = p;\n";
// biases
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fout << " p = "; print_as_np_array(fout,biases); fout << ";\n";
fout << " p.shape = net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][1].data.shape;\n";
fout << " net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][1].data[:] = p;\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "fc_no_bias")
{
matrix<double> weights = trans(i->params);
// main filter weights
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fout << " p = "; print_as_np_array(fout,weights); fout << ";\n";
fout << " p.shape = net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][0].data.shape;\n";
fout << " net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][0].data[:] = p;\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "affine_con" || i->detail_name == "affine_fc")
{
const long dims = i->params.size()/2;
matrix<double> gamma = trans(rowm(i->params,range(0,dims-1)));
matrix<double> beta = trans(rowm(i->params,range(dims, 2*dims-1)));
// set gamma weights
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fout << " p = "; print_as_np_array(fout,gamma); fout << ";\n";
fout << " p.shape = net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][0].data.shape;\n";
fout << " net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][0].data[:] = p;\n";
// set beta weights
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fout << " p = "; print_as_np_array(fout,beta); fout << ";\n";
fout << " p.shape = net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][1].data.shape;\n";
fout << " net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][1].data[:] = p;\n";
}
else if (i->detail_name == "prelu")
{
const double param = i->params(0);
// main filter weights
fout << " tmp = net.params['"<<i->caffe_layer_name()<<"'][0].data.view();\n";
fout << " tmp.shape = 1;\n";
fout << " tmp[0] = "<<param<<";\n";
}
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
int main(int argc, char** argv) try
{
if (argc != 6)
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{
cout << "To use this program, give it an xml file generated by dlib::net_to_xml() " << endl;
cout << "and then 4 numbers that indicate the input tensor size. It will convert " << endl;
cout << "the xml file into a python file that outputs a caffe model containing the dlib model." << endl;
cout << "For example, you might run this program like this: " << endl;
cout << " ./dtoc lenet.xml 1 1 28 28" << endl;
cout << "would convert the lenet.xml model into a caffe model with an input tensor of shape(1,1,28,28)" << endl;
cout << "where the shape values are (num samples in batch, num channels, num rows, num columns)." << endl;
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return 0;
}
const long N = sa = argv[2];
const long K = sa = argv[3];
const long NR = sa = argv[4];
const long NC = sa = argv[5];
convert_dlib_xml_to_caffe_python_code(argv[1], N, K, NR, NC);
return 0;
}
catch(std::exception& e)
{
cout << "\n\n*************** ERROR CONVERTING TO CAFFE ***************\n" << e.what() << endl;
return 1;
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
class doc_handler : public document_handler
{
public:
std::vector<layer> layers;
bool seen_first_tag = false;
layer next_layer;
std::stack<string> current_tag;
long tag_id = -1;
virtual void start_document (
)
{
layers.clear();
seen_first_tag = false;
tag_id = -1;
}
virtual void end_document (
) { }
virtual void start_element (
const unsigned long line_number,
const std::string& name,
const dlib::attribute_list& atts
)
{
if (!seen_first_tag)
{
if (name != "net")
throw dlib::error("The top level XML tag must be a 'net' tag.");
seen_first_tag = true;
}
if (name == "layer")
{
next_layer = layer();
if (atts["type"] == "skip")
{
// Don't make a new layer, just apply the tag id to the previous layer
if (layers.size() == 0)
throw dlib::error("A skip layer was found as the first layer, but the first layer should be an input layer.");
layers.back().skip_id = sa = atts["id"];
// We intentionally leave next_layer empty so the end_element() callback
// don't add it as another layer when called.
}
else if (atts["type"] == "tag")
{
// Don't make a new layer, just remember the tag id so we can apply it on
// the next layer.
tag_id = sa = atts["id"];
// We intentionally leave next_layer empty so the end_element() callback
// don't add it as another layer when called.
}
else
{
next_layer.idx = sa = atts["idx"];
next_layer.type = atts["type"];
if (tag_id != -1)
{
next_layer.tag_id = tag_id;
tag_id = -1;
}
}
}
else if (current_tag.size() != 0 && current_tag.top() == "layer")
{
next_layer.detail_name = name;
// copy all the XML tag's attributes into the layer struct
atts.reset();
while (atts.move_next())
next_layer.attributes[atts.element().key()] = sa = atts.element().value();
}
current_tag.push(name);
}
virtual void end_element (
const unsigned long line_number,
const std::string& name
)
{
current_tag.pop();
if (name == "layer" && next_layer.type.size() != 0)
layers.push_back(next_layer);
}
virtual void characters (
const std::string& data
)
{
if (current_tag.size() == 0)
return;
if (comp_tags_with_params.count(current_tag.top()) != 0)
{
istringstream sin(data);
sin >> next_layer.params;
}
}
virtual void processing_instruction (
const unsigned long line_number,
const std::string& target,
const std::string& data
)
{
}
};
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
void compute_output_tensor_shapes(const matrix<long,4,1>& input_tensor_shape, std::vector<layer>& layers)
{
DLIB_CASSERT(layers.back().type == "input");
layers.back().output_tensor_shape = input_tensor_shape;
for (auto i = ++layers.rbegin(); i != layers.rend(); ++i)
{
const auto input_shape = find_input_layer(i).output_tensor_shape;
if (i->type == "comp")
{
if (i->detail_name == "fc" || i->detail_name == "fc_no_bias")
{
long num_outputs = i->attribute("num_outputs");
i->output_tensor_shape = {input_shape(0), num_outputs, 1, 1};
}
else if (i->detail_name == "con")
{
long num_filters = i->attribute("num_filters");
long filter_nc = i->attribute("nc");
long filter_nr = i->attribute("nr");
long stride_x = i->attribute("stride_x");
long stride_y = i->attribute("stride_y");
long padding_x = i->attribute("padding_x");
long padding_y = i->attribute("padding_y");
long nr = 1+(input_shape(2) + 2*padding_y - filter_nr)/stride_y;
long nc = 1+(input_shape(3) + 2*padding_x - filter_nc)/stride_x;
i->output_tensor_shape = {input_shape(0), num_filters, nr, nc};
}
else if (i->detail_name == "max_pool" || i->detail_name == "avg_pool")
{
long filter_nc = i->attribute("nc");
long filter_nr = i->attribute("nr");
long stride_x = i->attribute("stride_x");
long stride_y = i->attribute("stride_y");
long padding_x = i->attribute("padding_x");
long padding_y = i->attribute("padding_y");
long nr = 1+(input_shape(2) + 2*padding_y - filter_nr)/stride_y;
long nc = 1+(input_shape(3) + 2*padding_x - filter_nc)/stride_x;
i->output_tensor_shape = {input_shape(0), input_shape(1), nr, nc};
}
else if (i->detail_name == "add_prev")
{
auto aux_shape = find_layer(i, i->attribute("tag")).output_tensor_shape;
for (long j = 0; j < input_shape.size(); ++j)
i->output_tensor_shape(j) = std::max(input_shape(j), aux_shape(j));
}
else
{
i->output_tensor_shape = input_shape;
}
}
else
{
i->output_tensor_shape = input_shape;
}
}
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
std::vector<layer> parse_dlib_xml(
const matrix<long,4,1>& input_tensor_shape,
const string& xml_filename
)
{
doc_handler dh;
parse_xml(xml_filename, dh);
if (dh.layers.size() == 0)
throw dlib::error("No layers found in XML file!");
if (dh.layers.back().type != "input")
throw dlib::error("The network in the XML file is missing an input layer!");
compute_output_tensor_shapes(input_tensor_shape, dh.layers);
return dh.layers;
}
// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------