The Python ADS-B/Mode-S Decoder
===============================
PyModeS is a Python library designed to decode Mode-S (including ADS-B) messages. It can be imported to your python project or used as a standalone tool to view and save live traffic data.
This is a project created by Junzi Sun, who works at `TU Delft <https://www.tudelft.nl/en/> `_ , `Aerospace Engineering Faculty <https://www.tudelft.nl/en/ae/> `_ , `CNS/ATM research group <http://cs.lr.tudelft.nl/atm/> `_ . It is supported by many `contributors <https://github.com/junzis/pyModeS/graphs/contributors> `_ from different institutions.
Introduction
------------
pyModeS supports the decoding of following types of messages:
- DF4 / DF20: Altitude code
- DF5 / DF21: Identity code (squawk code)
- DF17 / DF18: Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B)
- TC=1-4 / BDS 0,8: Aircraft identification and category
- TC=5-8 / BDS 0,6: Surface position
- TC=9-18 / BDS 0,5: Airborne position
- TC=19 / BDS 0,9: Airborne velocity
- TC=28 / BDS 6,1: Airborne status [to be implemented]
- TC=29 / BDS 6,2: Target state and status information [to be implemented]
- TC=31 / BDS 6,5: Aircraft operational status [to be implemented]
- DF20 / DF21: Mode-S Comm-B messages
- BDS 1,0: Data link capability report
- BDS 1,7: Common usage GICB capability report
- BDS 2,0: Aircraft identification
- BDS 3,0: ACAS active resolution advisory
- BDS 4,0: Selected vertical intention
- BDS 4,4: Meteorological routine air report (experimental)
- BDS 4,5: Meteorological hazard report (experimental)
- BDS 5,0: Track and turn report
- BDS 6,0: Heading and speed report
If you find this project useful for your research, please considering cite this tool as::
@article{sun2019pymodes,
author={J. {Sun} and H. {V\^u} and J. {Ellerbroek} and J. M. {Hoekstra}},
journal={IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems},
title={pyModeS: Decoding Mode-S Surveillance Data for Open Air Transportation Research},
year={2019},
doi={10.1109/TITS.2019.2914770},
ISSN={1524-9050},
}
Resources
-----------
Check out and contribute to this open-source project at:
https://github.com/junzis/pyModeS
Detailed manual on Mode-S decoding is published at:
https://mode-s.org/decode
The API documentation of pyModeS is at:
https://mode-s.org/api
Basic installation
-------------------
Installation examples::
# stable version
pip install pyModeS
# conda (compiled) version
conda install -c conda-forge pymodes
# development version
pip install git+https://github.com/junzis/pyModeS
Dependencies `` numpy `` , and `` pyzmq `` are installed automatically during previous installations processes.
If you need to connect pyModeS to a RTL-SDR receiver, `` pyrtlsdr `` need to be installed manually::
pip install pyrtlsdr
Advanced installation (using c modules)
------------------------------------------
If you want to make use of the (faster) c module, install `` pyModeS `` as follows::
# conda (compiled) version
conda install -c conda-forge pymodes
# stable version
pip install pyModeS
# development version
git clone https://github.com/junzis/pyModeS
cd pyModeS
poetry install -E rtlsdr
View live traffic (modeslive)
----------------------------------------------------
General usage::
$ modeslive [-h] --source SOURCE [--connect SERVER PORT DATAYPE]
[--latlon LAT LON] [--show-uncertainty] [--dumpto DUMPTO]
arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--source SOURCE Choose data source, "rtlsdr" or "net"
--connect SERVER PORT DATATYPE
Define server, port and data type. Supported data
types are: ['raw', 'beast', 'skysense']
--latlon LAT LON Receiver latitude and longitude, needed for the surface
position, default none
--show-uncertainty Display uncertainty values, default off
--dumpto DUMPTO Folder to dump decoded output, default none
Live with RTL-SDR
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If you have an RTL-SDR receiver connected to your computer, you can use the `` rtlsdr `` source switch (require `` pyrtlsdr `` package), with command::
$ modeslive --source rtlsdr
Live with network data
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If you want to connect to a TCP server that broadcast raw data. use can use `` net `` source switch, for example::
$ modeslive --source net --connect localhost 30002 raw
$ modeslive --source net --connect 127.0.0.1 30005 beast
Example screenshot:
.. image :: https://github.com/junzis/pyModeS/raw/master/doc/modeslive-screenshot.png
:width: 700px
Use the library
---------------
.. code :: python
import pyModeS as pms
Common functions
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.. code :: python
pms.df(msg) # Downlink Format
pms.icao(msg) # Infer the ICAO address from the message
pms.crc(msg, encode=False) # Perform CRC or generate parity bit
pms.hex2bin(str) # Convert hexadecimal string to binary string
pms.bin2int(str) # Convert binary string to integer
pms.hex2int(str) # Convert hexadecimal string to integer
pms.gray2int(str) # Convert grey code to integer
Core functions for ADS-B decoding
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.. code :: python
pms.adsb.icao(msg)
pms.adsb.typecode(msg)
# Typecode 1-4
pms.adsb.callsign(msg)
# Typecode 5-8 (surface), 9-18 (airborne, barometric height), and 20-22 (airborne, GNSS height)
pms.adsb.position(msg_even, msg_odd, t_even, t_odd, lat_ref=None, lon_ref=None)
pms.adsb.airborne_position(msg_even, msg_odd, t_even, t_odd)
pms.adsb.surface_position(msg_even, msg_odd, t_even, t_odd, lat_ref, lon_ref)
pms.adsb.surface_velocity(msg)
pms.adsb.position_with_ref(msg, lat_ref, lon_ref)
pms.adsb.airborne_position_with_ref(msg, lat_ref, lon_ref)
pms.adsb.surface_position_with_ref(msg, lat_ref, lon_ref)
pms.adsb.altitude(msg)
# Typecode: 19
pms.adsb.velocity(msg) # Handles both surface & airborne messages
pms.adsb.speed_heading(msg) # Handles both surface & airborne messages
pms.adsb.airborne_velocity(msg)
Note: When you have a fix position of the aircraft, it is convenient to use `position_with_ref()`
Decode altitude replies in DF4 / DF20
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.. code :: python
pms.common.altcode(msg) # Downlink format must be 4 or 20
Decode identity replies in DF5 / DF21
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.. code :: python
pms.common.idcode(msg) # Downlink format must be 5 or 21
Common Mode-S functions
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.. code :: python
pms.icao(msg) # Infer the ICAO address from the message
pms.bds.infer(msg) # Infer the Modes-S BDS register
# Check if BDS is 5,0 or 6,0, give reference speed, track, altitude (from ADS-B)
pms.bds.is50or60(msg, spd_ref, trk_ref, alt_ref)
# Check each BDS explicitly
pms.bds.bds10.is10(msg)
pms.bds.bds17.is17(msg)
pms.bds.bds20.is20(msg)
pms.bds.bds30.is30(msg)
pms.bds.bds40.is40(msg)
pms.bds.bds44.is44(msg)
pms.bds.bds50.is50(msg)
pms.bds.bds60.is60(msg)
Mode-S Elementary Surveillance (ELS)
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.. code :: python
pms.commb.ovc10(msg) # Overlay capability, BDS 1,0
pms.commb.cap17(msg) # GICB capability, BDS 1,7
pms.commb.cs20(msg) # Callsign, BDS 2,0
Mode-S Enhanced Surveillance (EHS)
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.. code :: python
# BDS 4,0
pms.commb.selalt40mcp(msg) # MCP/FCU selected altitude (ft)
pms.commb.selalt40fms(msg) # FMS selected altitude (ft)
pms.commb.p40baro(msg) # Barometric pressure (mb)
# BDS 5,0
pms.commb.roll50(msg) # Roll angle (deg)
pms.commb.trk50(msg) # True track angle (deg)
pms.commb.gs50(msg) # Ground speed (kt)
pms.commb.rtrk50(msg) # Track angle rate (deg/sec)
pms.commb.tas50(msg) # True airspeed (kt)
# BDS 6,0
pms.commb.hdg60(msg) # Magnetic heading (deg)
pms.commb.ias60(msg) # Indicated airspeed (kt)
pms.commb.mach60(msg) # Mach number (-)
pms.commb.vr60baro(msg) # Barometric altitude rate (ft/min)
pms.commb.vr60ins(msg) # Inertial vertical speed (ft/min)
Meteorological reports [Experimental]
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To identify BDS 4,4 and 4,5 codes, you must set `` mrar `` argument to `` True `` in the `` infer() `` function:
.. code :: python
pms.bds.infer(msg. mrar=True)
Once the correct MRAR and MHR messages are identified, decode them as follows:
Meteorological routine air report (MRAR)
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
.. code :: python
# BDS 4,4
pms.commb.wind44(msg) # Wind speed (kt) and direction (true) (deg)
pms.commb.temp44(msg) # Static air temperature (C)
pms.commb.p44(msg) # Average static pressure (hPa)
pms.commb.hum44(msg) # Humidity (%)
Meteorological hazard air report (MHR)
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
.. code :: python
# BDS 4,5
pms.commb.turb45(msg) # Turbulence level (0-3)
pms.commb.ws45(msg) # Wind shear level (0-3)
pms.commb.mb45(msg) # Microburst level (0-3)
pms.commb.ic45(msg) # Icing level (0-3)
pms.commb.wv45(msg) # Wake vortex level (0-3)
pms.commb.temp45(msg) # Static air temperature (C)
pms.commb.p45(msg) # Average static pressure (hPa)
pms.commb.rh45(msg) # Radio height (ft)
Customize the streaming module
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The TCP client module from pyModeS can be re-used to stream and process Mode-S data as you like. You need to re-implement the `` handle_messages() `` function from the `` TcpClient `` class to write your own logic to handle the messages.
Here is an example:
.. code :: python
import pyModeS as pms
from pyModeS.extra.tcpclient import TcpClient
# define your custom class by extending the TcpClient
# - implement your handle_messages() methods
class ADSBClient(TcpClient):
def __init__(self, host, port, rawtype):
super(ADSBClient, self).__init__(host, port, rawtype)
def handle_messages(self, messages):
for msg, ts in messages:
if len(msg) != 28: # wrong data length
continue
df = pms.df(msg)
if df != 17: # not ADSB
continue
if pms.crc(msg) !=0: # CRC fail
continue
icao = pms.adsb.icao(msg)
tc = pms.adsb.typecode(msg)
# TODO: write you magic code here
print(ts, icao, tc, msg)
# run new client, change the host, port, and rawtype if needed
client = ADSBClient(host='127.0.0.1', port=30005, rawtype='beast')
client.run()
Unit test
---------
To perform unit tests, `` pytest `` must be install first.
Build Cython extensions
::
$ make ext
Run unit tests
::
$ make test
Clean build files
::
$ make clean
