/* -*-c++-*- OpenSceneGraph - Copyright (C) 1998-2006 Robert Osfield
 *
 * This library is open source and may be redistributed and/or modified under
 * the terms of the OpenSceneGraph Public License (OSGPL) version 0.0 or
 * (at your option) any later version.  The full license is in LICENSE file
 * included with this distribution, and on the openscenegraph.org website.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * OpenSceneGraph Public License for more details.
*/

#ifndef OSG_GRAPHICSCONTEXT
#define OSG_GRAPHICSCONTEXT 1

#include <osg/State>
#include <osg/GraphicsThread>
#include <osg/Timer>

#include <vector>

namespace osg {

// forward declare osg::Camera
class Camera;

/** Base class for providing Windowing API agnostic access to creating and managing graphics context.*/
class OSG_EXPORT GraphicsContext : public Object
{
    public:

        struct OSG_EXPORT ScreenIdentifier
        {
            ScreenIdentifier();

            ScreenIdentifier(int in_screenNum);

            ScreenIdentifier(const std::string& in_hostName,int in_displayNum, int in_screenNum);

            /** Return the display name in the form hostName::displayNum:screenNum. */
            std::string displayName() const;

            /** Read the DISPLAY environmental variable, and set the ScreenIdentifier accordingly.
              * Note, if either of displayNum or screenNum are not defined then -1 is set respectively to
              * signify that this parameter has not been set. When parameters are undefined one can call
              * call setUndefinedScreenDetailsToDefaultScreen() after readDISPLAY() to ensure valid values. */
            void readDISPLAY();

            /** Set the screenIndentifier from the displayName string.
              * Note, if either of displayNum or screenNum are not defined then -1 is set to
              * signify that this parameter has not been set. When parameters are undefined one can call
              * call setUndefinedScreenDetailsToDefaultScreen() after readDISPLAY() to ensure valid values. */
            void setScreenIdentifier(const std::string& displayName);

            /** Set any undefined displayNum or screenNum values (i.e. -1) to the default display & screen of 0 respectively.*/
            void setUndefinedScreenDetailsToDefaultScreen()
            {
                if (displayNum<0) displayNum = 0;
                if (screenNum<0) screenNum = 0;
            }

            std::string  hostName;
            int displayNum;
            int screenNum;
        };

        /** GraphicsContext Traits object provides the specification of what type of graphics context is required.*/
        struct OSG_EXPORT Traits : public osg::Referenced, public ScreenIdentifier
        {
            Traits(DisplaySettings* ds=0);

            // graphics context original and size
            int x;
            int y;
            int width;
            int height;

            // provide a hint as to which WindowingSystemInterface implementation to use, i.e. "X11", "Win32", "Cocoa", "Carbon" etc.
            // if the windowingSystemPreference string is empty (default) then return the first available WindowingSystemInterface that
            // has been registered with the osg::GraphiccsContext::WindowingSystemInterfaces singleton
            // if the windowingSystemPreference string is not empty then return the first WindowingSystemInterface that matches
            std::string windowingSystemPreference;

            // window decoration and behaviour
            std::string windowName;
            bool        windowDecoration;
            bool        supportsResize;

            // buffer depths, 0 equals off.
            unsigned int red;
            unsigned int blue;
            unsigned int green;
            unsigned int alpha;
            unsigned int depth;
            unsigned int stencil;

            // multi sample parameters
            unsigned int sampleBuffers;
            unsigned int samples;

            // buffer configuration
            bool pbuffer;
            bool quadBufferStereo;
            bool doubleBuffer;

            // render to texture
            GLenum          target;
            GLenum          format;
            unsigned int    level;
            unsigned int    face;
            unsigned int    mipMapGeneration;

            // V-sync
            bool            vsync;

            // Swap Group
            bool            swapGroupEnabled;
            GLuint          swapGroup;
            GLuint          swapBarrier;

            // use multithreaded OpenGL-engine (OS X only)
            bool            useMultiThreadedOpenGLEngine;

            // enable cursor
            bool            useCursor;

            // settings used in set up of graphics context, only presently used by GL3 build of OSG.
            std::string     glContextVersion;
            unsigned int    glContextFlags;
            unsigned int    glContextProfileMask;

            /** return true if glContextVersion is set in the form major.minor, and assign the appropriate major and minor values to the associated parameters.*/
            bool getContextVersion(unsigned int& major, unsigned int& minor) const;

            // shared context
            osg::observer_ptr<GraphicsContext> sharedContext;

            osg::ref_ptr<osg::Referenced> inheritedWindowData;

            // ask the GraphicsWindow implementation to set the pixel format of an inherited window
            bool setInheritedWindowPixelFormat;

            // X11 hint whether to override the window managers window size/position redirection
            bool overrideRedirect;

            DisplaySettings::SwapMethod swapMethod;

            // hint of what affinity to use for any thrads associated with the graphics context created using these Traits
            OpenThreads::Affinity affinity;
        };

        /** Simple resolution structure used by WindowingSystemInterface to get and set screen resolution.
          * Note the '0' value stands for 'unset'. */
        struct ScreenSettings {
            ScreenSettings() :
                width(0),
                height(0),
                refreshRate(0),
                colorDepth(0)
            {}

            ScreenSettings(int in_width, int in_height, double in_refreshRate=0, unsigned int in_colorDepth=0) :
                width(in_width),
                height(in_height),
                refreshRate(in_refreshRate),
                colorDepth(in_colorDepth)
            {}

            int width;
            int height;
            double refreshRate;         ///< Screen refresh rate, in Hz.
            unsigned int colorDepth;    ///< RGB(A) color buffer depth.
        };

        typedef std::vector<ScreenSettings> ScreenSettingsList;

        /** Callback to be implemented to provide access to Windowing API's ability to create Windows/pbuffers.*/
        struct WindowingSystemInterface : public osg::Referenced
        {
            void setName(const std::string& name) { _name = name; }
            const std::string& getName() const { return _name; }

            virtual unsigned int getNumScreens(const ScreenIdentifier& screenIdentifier = ScreenIdentifier()) = 0;

            virtual void getScreenSettings(const ScreenIdentifier& screenIdentifier, ScreenSettings & resolution) = 0;

            virtual bool setScreenSettings(const ScreenIdentifier& /*screenIdentifier*/, const ScreenSettings & /*resolution*/) { return false; }

            virtual void enumerateScreenSettings(const ScreenIdentifier& screenIdentifier, ScreenSettingsList & resolutionList) = 0;

            virtual void setDisplaySettings(DisplaySettings*) {}

            virtual osg::DisplaySettings* getDisplaySettings() const { return 0; }

            virtual GraphicsContext* createGraphicsContext(Traits* traits) = 0;

            /** Gets screen resolution without using the ScreenResolution structure.
              * \deprecated Provided only for backward compatibility. */
            inline void getScreenResolution(const ScreenIdentifier& screenIdentifier, unsigned int& width, unsigned int& height)
            {
                ScreenSettings settings;
                getScreenSettings(screenIdentifier, settings);
                width = settings.width;
                height = settings.height;
            }

            /** Sets screen resolution without using the ScreenSettings structure.
              * \deprecated Provided only for backward compatibility. */
            inline bool setScreenResolution(const ScreenIdentifier& screenIdentifier, unsigned int width, unsigned int height)
            {
                return setScreenSettings(screenIdentifier, ScreenSettings(width, height));
            }

            /** \deprecated Provided only for backward compatibility. */
            inline bool setScreenRefreshRate(const ScreenIdentifier& screenIdentifier, double refreshRate)
            {
                ScreenSettings settings;
                getScreenSettings(screenIdentifier, settings);
                settings.refreshRate = refreshRate;
                return setScreenSettings(screenIdentifier, settings);
            }
        protected:
            WindowingSystemInterface() {}
            virtual ~WindowingSystemInterface() {}

            std::string _name;
        };

        class OSG_EXPORT WindowingSystemInterfaces : public osg::Referenced
        {
        public:
            WindowingSystemInterfaces();

            typedef std::vector< osg::ref_ptr<GraphicsContext::WindowingSystemInterface> > Interfaces;

            Interfaces& getInterfaces() { return _interfaces; }

            void addWindowingSystemInterface(WindowingSystemInterface* wsInterface);

            void removeWindowingSystemInterface(WindowingSystemInterface* wsInterface);

            /** get named WindowingSystemInterface if one is available, otherwise return 0; */
            WindowingSystemInterface* getWindowingSystemInterface(const std::string& name = "");

        private:
            virtual ~WindowingSystemInterfaces();
            Interfaces _interfaces;
        };

        static osg::ref_ptr<WindowingSystemInterfaces>& getWindowingSystemInterfaces();

        /** Get the default WindowingSystemInterface for this OS*/
        static WindowingSystemInterface* getWindowingSystemInterface(const std::string& name = "");

        /** Create a graphics context for a specified set of traits.*/
        static GraphicsContext* createGraphicsContext(Traits* traits);

        /** Create a contextID for a new graphics context, this contextID is used to set up the osg::State associate with context.
          * Automatically increments the usage count of the contextID to 1.*/
        static unsigned int createNewContextID();

        /** Get the current max ContextID.*/
        static unsigned int getMaxContextID();

        /** Increment the usage count associate with a contextID. The usage count specifies how many graphics contexts a specific contextID is shared between.*/
        static void incrementContextIDUsageCount(unsigned int contextID);

        /** Decrement the usage count associate with a contextID. Once the contextID goes to 0 the contextID is then free to be reused.*/
        static void decrementContextIDUsageCount(unsigned int contextID);

        typedef std::vector<GraphicsContext*> GraphicsContexts;

        /** Get all the registered graphics contexts.*/
        static GraphicsContexts getAllRegisteredGraphicsContexts();

        /** Get all the registered graphics contexts associated with a specific contextID.*/
        static GraphicsContexts getRegisteredGraphicsContexts(unsigned int contextID);

        /** Get the GraphicsContext for doing background compilation for GraphicsContexts associated with specified contextID.*/
        static void setCompileContext(unsigned int contextID, GraphicsContext* gc);

        /** Get existing or create a new GraphicsContext to do background compilation for GraphicsContexts associated with specified contextID.*/
        static  GraphicsContext* getOrCreateCompileContext(unsigned int contextID);

        /** Get the GraphicsContext for doing background compilation for GraphicsContexts associated with specified contextID.*/
        static GraphicsContext* getCompileContext(unsigned int contextID);

    public:

        /** Add operation to end of OperationQueue.*/
        void add(Operation* operation);

        /** Remove operation from OperationQueue.*/
        void remove(Operation* operation);

        /** Remove named operation from OperationQueue.*/
        void remove(const std::string& name);

        /** Remove all operations from OperationQueue.*/
        void removeAllOperations();

        /** Run the operations. */
        virtual void runOperations();

        typedef std::list< ref_ptr<Operation> > GraphicsOperationQueue;

        /** Get the operations queue, note you must use the OperationsMutex when accessing the queue.*/
        GraphicsOperationQueue& getOperationsQueue() { return _operations; }

        /** Get the operations queue mutex.*/
        OpenThreads::Mutex* getOperationsMutex() { return &_operationsMutex; }

        /** Get the operations queue block used to mark an empty queue, if you end items into the empty queue you must release this block.*/
        osg::RefBlock* getOperationsBlock() { return _operationsBlock.get(); }

        /** Get the current operations that is being run.*/
        Operation* getCurrentOperation() { return _currentOperation.get(); }


    public:

        /** Get the traits of the GraphicsContext.*/
        inline const Traits* getTraits() const { return _traits.get(); }

        /** Return whether a valid and usable GraphicsContext has been created.*/
        virtual bool valid() const = 0;


        /** Set the State object which tracks the current OpenGL state for this graphics context.*/
        inline void setState(State* state) { _state = state; }

        /** Get the State object which tracks the current OpenGL state for this graphics context.*/
        inline State* getState() { return _state.get(); }

        /** Get the const State object which tracks the current OpenGL state for this graphics context.*/
        inline const State* getState() const { return _state.get(); }


        /** Sets the clear color. */
        inline void setClearColor(const Vec4& color) { _clearColor = color; }

        /** Returns the clear color. */
        inline const Vec4& getClearColor() const { return _clearColor; }

        /** Set the clear mask used in glClear(..).
          * Defaults to 0 - so no clear is done by default by the GraphicsContext, instead the Cameras attached to the GraphicsContext will do the clear.
          * GraphicsContext::setClearMask() is useful for when the Camera Viewports don't cover the whole context, so the context will fill in the gaps. */
        inline void setClearMask(GLbitfield mask) { _clearMask = mask; }

        /** Get the clear mask.*/
        inline GLbitfield getClearMask() const { return _clearMask; }

        /** Do an OpenGL clear of the full graphics context/window.
          * Note, must only be called from a thread with this context current.*/
        virtual void clear();

        double getTimeSinceLastClear() const { return osg::Timer::instance()->delta_s(_lastClearTick, osg::Timer::instance()->tick()); }


        /** Realize the GraphicsContext.*/
        bool realize();

        /** close the graphics context.
          * close(bool) stops any associated graphics threads, releases the contextID for the GraphicsContext then
          * optional calls closeImplementation() to do the actual deletion of the graphics.  This call is made optional
          * as there are times when the graphics context has already been deleted externally and only the OSG side
          * of the its data need to be closed down. */
        void close(bool callCloseImplementation=true);

        /** swap the front and back buffers.*/
        void swapBuffers();

        /** Return true if the graphics context has been realized and is ready to use.*/
        inline bool isRealized() const { return isRealizedImplementation(); }


        /** Make this graphics context current.
          * Implemented by calling makeCurrentImplementation().
          * Returns true on success. */
        bool makeCurrent();

        /** Make this graphics context current with specified read context.
          * Implemented by calling makeContextCurrentImplementation().
          * Returns true on success. */
        bool makeContextCurrent(GraphicsContext* readContext);

        /** Release the graphics context.
          * Returns true on success. */
        bool releaseContext();

        /** Return true if the current thread has this OpenGL graphics context.*/
        inline bool isCurrent() const { return _threadOfLastMakeCurrent == OpenThreads::Thread::CurrentThreadId(); }

        /** Bind the graphics context to associated texture.*/
        inline void bindPBufferToTexture(GLenum buffer) { bindPBufferToTextureImplementation(buffer); }



        /** Create a graphics thread to the graphics context, so that the thread handles all OpenGL operations.*/
        void createGraphicsThread();

        /** Assign a graphics thread to the graphics context, so that the thread handles all OpenGL operations.*/
        void setGraphicsThread(GraphicsThread* gt);

        /** Get the graphics thread assigned the graphics context.*/
        GraphicsThread* getGraphicsThread() { return _graphicsThread.get(); }

        /** Get the const graphics thread assigned the graphics context.*/
        const GraphicsThread* getGraphicsThread() const { return _graphicsThread.get(); }


        /** Realize the GraphicsContext implementation,
          * Pure virtual - must be implemented by concrete implementations of GraphicsContext. */
        virtual bool realizeImplementation() = 0;

        /** Return true if the graphics context has been realized, and is ready to use, implementation.
          * Pure virtual - must be implemented by concrete implementations of GraphicsContext. */
        virtual bool isRealizedImplementation() const = 0;

        /** Close the graphics context implementation.
          * Pure virtual - must be implemented by concrete implementations of GraphicsContext. */
        virtual void closeImplementation() = 0;

        /** Make this graphics context current implementation.
          * Pure virtual - must be implemented by concrete implementations of GraphicsContext. */
        virtual bool makeCurrentImplementation() = 0;

        /** Make this graphics context current with specified read context implementation.
          * Pure virtual - must be implemented by concrete implementations of GraphicsContext. */
        virtual bool makeContextCurrentImplementation(GraphicsContext* readContext) = 0;

        /** Release the graphics context implementation.*/
        virtual bool releaseContextImplementation() = 0;

        /** Pure virtual, Bind the graphics context to associated texture implementation.
          * Pure virtual - must be implemented by concrete implementations of GraphicsContext. */
        virtual void bindPBufferToTextureImplementation(GLenum buffer) = 0;

        struct SwapCallback : public osg::Referenced
        {
            virtual void swapBuffersImplementation(GraphicsContext* gc) = 0;
        };
        /** Set the swap callback which overrides the
          * GraphicsContext::swapBuffersImplementation(), allowing
          * developers to provide custom behavior for swap.
          * The callback must call
          * GraphicsContext::swapBuffersImplementation() */
        void setSwapCallback(SwapCallback* rc) { _swapCallback = rc; }

        /** Get the swap callback which overrides the GraphicsContext::swapBuffersImplementation().*/
        SwapCallback* getSwapCallback() { return _swapCallback.get(); }

        /** Get the const swap callback which overrides the GraphicsContext::swapBuffersImplementation().*/
        const SwapCallback* getSwapCallback() const { return _swapCallback.get(); }

        /** Convenience method for handling whether to call swapbuffers callback or the standard context swapBuffersImplementation.
          * swapBuffersCallbackOrImplementation() is called by swapBuffers() and osg::SwapBuffersOperation, end users should normally
          * call swapBuffers() rather than swapBuffersCallbackOrImplementation(). */
        void swapBuffersCallbackOrImplementation()
        {
            if (_state.valid()) _state->frameCompleted();

            if (_swapCallback.valid()) _swapCallback->swapBuffersImplementation(this);
            else swapBuffersImplementation();
        }

        /** Swap the front and back buffers implementation.
          * Pure virtual - must be implemented by concrete implementations of GraphicsContext. */
        virtual void swapBuffersImplementation() = 0;



        /** resized method should be called when the underlying window has been resized and the GraphicsWindow and associated Cameras must
            be updated to keep in sync with the new size. */
        void resized(int x, int y, int width, int height)
        {
            if (_resizedCallback.valid()) _resizedCallback->resizedImplementation(this, x, y, width, height);
            else resizedImplementation(x, y, width, height);
        }

        struct ResizedCallback : public osg::Referenced
        {
            virtual void resizedImplementation(GraphicsContext* gc, int x, int y, int width, int height) = 0;
        };

        /** Set the resized callback which overrides the GraphicsConext::realizedImplementation(), allow developers to provide custom behavior
          * in response to a window being resized.*/
        void setResizedCallback(ResizedCallback* rc) { _resizedCallback = rc; }

        /** Get the resized callback which overrides the GraphicsConext::realizedImplementation().*/
        ResizedCallback* getResizedCallback() { return _resizedCallback.get(); }

        /** Get the const resized callback which overrides the GraphicsConext::realizedImplementation().*/
        const ResizedCallback* getResizedCallback() const { return _resizedCallback.get(); }

        /** resized implementation, by default resizes the viewports and aspect ratios the cameras associated with the graphics Window. */
        virtual void resizedImplementation(int x, int y, int width, int height);


        typedef std::list< osg::Camera* > Cameras;

        /** Get the list of cameras associated with this graphics context.*/
        Cameras& getCameras() { return _cameras; }

        /** Get the const list of cameras associated with this graphics context.*/
        const Cameras& getCameras() const { return _cameras; }

        /** set the default FBO-id, this id will be used when the rendering-backend is finished with RTT FBOs */
        void setDefaultFboId(GLuint i) { _defaultFboId = i; }

        GLuint getDefaultFboId() const { return _defaultFboId; }

    public:

        virtual bool isSameKindAs(const Object* object) const { return dynamic_cast<const GraphicsContext*>(object)!=0; }
        virtual const char* libraryName() const { return "osg"; }
        virtual const char* className() const { return "GraphicsContext"; }

    protected:

        GraphicsContext();
        GraphicsContext(const GraphicsContext&, const osg::CopyOp&);

        virtual ~GraphicsContext();

        virtual Object* cloneType() const { return 0; }
        virtual Object* clone(const CopyOp&) const { return 0; }

        /** Register a GraphicsContext.*/
        static void registerGraphicsContext(GraphicsContext* gc);

        /** Unregister a GraphicsContext.*/
        static void unregisterGraphicsContext(GraphicsContext* gc);


        void addCamera(osg::Camera* camera);
        void removeCamera(osg::Camera* camera);

        Cameras _cameras;

        friend class osg::Camera;

        ref_ptr<Traits>         _traits;
        ref_ptr<State>          _state;

        Vec4                    _clearColor;
        GLbitfield              _clearMask;

        size_t                              _threadOfLastMakeCurrent;

        OpenThreads::Mutex                  _operationsMutex;
        osg::ref_ptr<osg::RefBlock>         _operationsBlock;
        GraphicsOperationQueue              _operations;
        osg::ref_ptr<Operation>             _currentOperation;

        ref_ptr<GraphicsThread>             _graphicsThread;

        ref_ptr<ResizedCallback>            _resizedCallback;
        ref_ptr<SwapCallback>               _swapCallback;

        Timer_t                             _lastClearTick;

        GLuint                              _defaultFboId;
};

//#include <osg/GLExtensions>


class OSG_EXPORT SyncSwapBuffersCallback : public GraphicsContext::SwapCallback
{
public:
    SyncSwapBuffersCallback();

    virtual void swapBuffersImplementation(GraphicsContext* gc);

    GLsync _previousSync;
};


template<class T>
struct WindowingSystemInterfaceProxy
{
    WindowingSystemInterfaceProxy(const std::string& name)
    {
        _wsi = new T;
        _wsi->setName(name);

        osg::GraphicsContext::getWindowingSystemInterfaces()->addWindowingSystemInterface(_wsi.get());
    }

    ~WindowingSystemInterfaceProxy()
    {
        osg::GraphicsContext::getWindowingSystemInterfaces()->removeWindowingSystemInterface(_wsi.get());
    }

    osg::ref_ptr<T> _wsi;
};

// Internal use only - compile on C90 compilers, which prohibit empty macro arguments.
#define _OSG_GRAPHICSCONTEXT_NO_ATTRIBS

#define REGISTER_WINDOWINGSYSTEMINTERFACE2(ext, classname, attribs) \
    extern "C" attribs void graphicswindow_##ext(void) {} \
    static osg::WindowingSystemInterfaceProxy<classname> s_proxy_##classname(#ext);

#define REGISTER_WINDOWINGSYSTEMINTERFACE(ext, classname) \
    REGISTER_WINDOWINGSYSTEMINTERFACE2(ext, classname, _OSG_GRAPHICSCONTEXT_NO_ATTRIBS)
}

#endif