dahdi-linux/drivers/dahdi/xpp/xbus-core.c

/*
 * Written by Oron Peled <oron@actcom.co.il>
 * Copyright (C) 2004-2006, Xorcom
 *
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 *
 */
#include <linux/version.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#ifdef	PROTOCOL_DEBUG
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#endif
#include <linux/workqueue.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>	/* for msleep() to debug */
#include "xpd.h"
#include "xpp_dahdi.h"
#include "xbus-core.h"
#include "card_global.h"
#include "dahdi_debug.h"

static const char rcsid[] = "$Id$";

/* Defines */
#define	INITIALIZATION_TIMEOUT	(90*HZ)	/* in jiffies */
#define	PROC_XBUSES		"xbuses"
#define	PROC_XBUS_SUMMARY	"summary"

#ifdef	PROTOCOL_DEBUG
#ifdef	CONFIG_PROC_FS
#define	PROC_XBUS_COMMAND	"command"
static const struct file_operations proc_xbus_command_ops;
#endif
#endif

/* Command line parameters */
extern int debug;
static DEF_PARM(uint, command_queue_length, 1500, 0444,
		"Maximal command queue length");
static DEF_PARM(uint, poll_timeout, 1000, 0644,
		"Timeout (in jiffies) waiting for units to reply");
static DEF_PARM_BOOL(rx_tasklet, 0, 0644, "Use receive tasklets");
static DEF_PARM_BOOL(dahdi_autoreg, 0, 0444,
		     "Register devices automatically (1) or not (0). UNUSED.");

#ifdef	CONFIG_PROC_FS
static const struct file_operations xbus_read_proc_ops;
#endif
static void transport_init(xbus_t *xbus, struct xbus_ops *ops,
			   ushort max_send_size,
			   struct device *transport_device, void *priv);
static void transport_destroy(xbus_t *xbus);

/* Data structures */
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(xbuses_lock);
#ifdef	CONFIG_PROC_FS
static struct proc_dir_entry *proc_xbuses;
#endif

static struct xbus_desc {
	xbus_t *xbus;
	int shutting_down;
} xbuses_array[MAX_BUSES];

static int xbus_is_shutting_down(int num)
{
	return xbuses_array[num].shutting_down;
}

static xbus_t *xbus_byhwid(const char *hwid)
{
	int i;
	xbus_t *xbus;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(xbuses_array); i++) {
		xbus = xbuses_array[i].xbus;
		if (xbus && strcmp(hwid, xbus->label) == 0)
			return xbus;
	}
	return NULL;
}

int xbus_check_unique(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	if (!xbus)
		return -ENOENT;
	if (xbus->label && *(xbus->label)) {
		xbus_t *xbus_old;

		XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Checking LABEL='%s'\n", xbus->label);
		xbus_old = xbus_byhwid(xbus->label);
		if (xbus_old && xbus_old != xbus) {
			XBUS_NOTICE(xbus_old,
				"Duplicate LABEL='%s'. Leave %s unused. "
				"refcount_xbus=%d\n",
				xbus_old->label, xbus->busname,
				refcount_xbus(xbus_old));
			return -EBUSY;
		}
	} else {
		XBUS_NOTICE(xbus, "Missing board label (old Astribank?)\n");
	}
	return 0;
}

const char *xbus_statename(enum xbus_state st)
{
	switch (st) {
	case XBUS_STATE_START:
		return "START";
	case XBUS_STATE_IDLE:
		return "IDLE";
	case XBUS_STATE_SENT_REQUEST:
		return "SENT_REQUEST";
	case XBUS_STATE_RECVD_DESC:
		return "RECVD_DESC";
	case XBUS_STATE_READY:
		return "READY";
	case XBUS_STATE_DEACTIVATING:
		return "DEACTIVATING";
	case XBUS_STATE_DEACTIVATED:
		return "DEACTIVATED";
	case XBUS_STATE_FAIL:
		return "FAIL";
	}
	return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_statename);

static void init_xbus(uint num, xbus_t *xbus)
{
	struct xbus_desc *desc;

	BUG_ON(num >= ARRAY_SIZE(xbuses_array));
	desc = &xbuses_array[num];
	desc->xbus = xbus;
	if (xbus)
		desc->shutting_down = 0;
}

xbus_t *xbus_num(uint num)
{
	struct xbus_desc *desc;

	if (num >= ARRAY_SIZE(xbuses_array))
		return NULL;
	desc = &xbuses_array[num];
	return desc->xbus;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_num);

static void initialize_xbuses_array(void)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(xbuses_array); i++)
		init_xbus(i, NULL);
}

static void finalize_xbuses_array(void)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(xbuses_array); i++) {
		if (xbuses_array[i].xbus != NULL) {
			ERR("%s: xbus #%d is not NULL\n", __func__, i);
			BUG();
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Called by put_xbus() when XBUS has no more references.
 */
static void xbus_destroy(struct kref *kref)
{
	xbus_t *xbus;
	int num;

	xbus = kref_to_xbus(kref);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "%s\n", __func__);
	num = xbus->num;
	xbuses_array[num].shutting_down = 1;
	xbus_sysfs_remove(xbus);
}

xbus_t *get_xbus(const char *msg, uint num)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	xbus_t *xbus;

	if (xbus_is_shutting_down(num)) {
		DBG(DEVICES, "%s(%s): XBUS-%d: shutting down\n", __func__,
				msg, num);
		return NULL;
	}
	spin_lock_irqsave(&xbuses_lock, flags);
	xbus = xbus_num(num);
	if (xbus != NULL) {
		kref_get(&xbus->kref);
		XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "%s: refcount_xbus=%d\n", msg,
			 refcount_xbus(xbus));
	}
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbuses_lock, flags);
	return xbus;
}

void put_xbus(const char *msg, xbus_t *xbus)
{
	if (xbus_is_shutting_down(xbus->num)) {
		if (!refcount_xbus(xbus)) {
			DBG(DEVICES, "%s(%s): XBUS-%d: shutting down\n",
					__func__, msg, xbus->num);
			return;
		}
	}
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "%s: refcount_xbus=%d\n", msg,
		 refcount_xbus(xbus));
	kref_put(&xbus->kref, xbus_destroy);
}

int refcount_xbus(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	struct kref *kref = &xbus->kref;

	return refcount_read(&kref->refcount);
}

/*------------------------- Frame  Handling ------------------------*/

void xframe_init(xbus_t *xbus, xframe_t *xframe, void *buf, size_t maxsize,
		 void *priv)
{
	memset(xframe, 0, sizeof(*xframe));
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&xframe->frame_list);
	xframe->priv = priv;
	xframe->xbus = xbus;
	xframe->packets = xframe->first_free = buf;
	xframe->frame_maxlen = maxsize;
	atomic_set(&xframe->frame_len, 0);
	xframe->kt_created = ktime_get();
	xframe->xframe_magic = XFRAME_MAGIC;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xframe_init);

/*
 * Return pointer to next packet slot in the frame
 * or NULL if the frame is full.
 *
 * FIXME: we do not use atomic_add_return() because kernel-2.6.8
 *        does not have it. This make this code a little racy,
 *        but we currently call xframe_next_packet() only in the
 *        PCM loop (xbus_tick() etc.)
 */
xpacket_t *xframe_next_packet(xframe_t *frm, int len)
{
	int newlen = XFRAME_LEN(frm);

	newlen += len;
#if 0
	DBG(GENERAL, "len=%d, newlen=%d, frm->frame_len=%d\n",
			len, newlen, XFRAME_LEN(frm));
#endif
	if (newlen > XFRAME_DATASIZE)
		return NULL;
	atomic_add(len, &frm->frame_len);
	return (xpacket_t *)(frm->packets + newlen - len);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xframe_next_packet);

static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(serialize_dump_xframe);

static void do_hexdump(const char msg[], __u8 *data, uint16_t len)
{
	int i;
	int debug = DBG_ANY;	/* mask global debug */

	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
		DBG(ANY, "%s: %3d> %02X\n", msg, i, data[i]);
}

void dump_xframe(const char msg[], const xbus_t *xbus, const xframe_t *xframe,
		 int debug)
{
	const uint16_t frm_len = XFRAME_LEN(xframe);
	xpacket_t *pack;
	uint16_t pos = 0;
	uint16_t nextpos;
	int num = 1;
	bool do_print;
	unsigned long flags;

	if (xframe->xframe_magic != XFRAME_MAGIC) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "%s: bad xframe_magic %lX\n", __func__,
			 xframe->xframe_magic);
		return;
	}
	spin_lock_irqsave(&serialize_dump_xframe, flags);
	do {
		if (pos >= xbus->transport.max_send_size) {
			if (printk_ratelimit()) {
				XBUS_NOTICE(xbus,
					    "%s: xframe overflow (%d bytes)\n",
					    msg, frm_len);
				do_hexdump(msg, xframe->packets, frm_len);
			}
			break;
		}
		if (pos > frm_len) {
			if (printk_ratelimit()) {
				XBUS_NOTICE(xbus,
					"%s: packet overflow pos=%d "
					"frame_len=%d\n",
					msg, pos, frm_len);
				do_hexdump(msg, xframe->packets, frm_len);
			}
			break;
		}
		pack = (xpacket_t *)&xframe->packets[pos];
		if (XPACKET_LEN(pack) <= 0) {
			if (printk_ratelimit()) {
				XBUS_NOTICE(xbus,
					"%s: xframe -- bad packet_len=%d "
					"pos=%d frame_len=%d\n",
					msg, XPACKET_LEN(pack), pos, frm_len);
				do_hexdump(msg, xframe->packets, frm_len);
			}
			break;
		}
		nextpos = pos + XPACKET_LEN(pack);
		if (nextpos > frm_len) {
			if (printk_ratelimit()) {
				XBUS_NOTICE(xbus,
					"%s: packet overflow nextpos=%d "
					"frame_len=%d\n",
					msg, nextpos, frm_len);
				do_hexdump(msg, xframe->packets, frm_len);
			}
			break;
		}
		do_print = 0;
		if (debug == DBG_ANY)
			do_print = 1;
		else if (XPACKET_OP(pack) != XPROTO_NAME(GLOBAL, PCM_READ)
			 && XPACKET_OP(pack) != XPROTO_NAME(GLOBAL, PCM_WRITE))
			do_print = 1;
		else if (debug & DBG_PCM) {
			static int rate_limit;

			if ((rate_limit++ % 1003) == 0)
				do_print = 1;
		}
		if (do_print) {
			if (num == 1) {
				XBUS_DBG(ANY, xbus, "%s: frame_len=%d. %s\n",
					 msg, frm_len, (XPACKET_IS_PCM(pack))
					 ? "(IS_PCM)" : "");
			}
			XBUS_DBG(ANY, xbus,
				"  %3d. DATALEN=%d pcm=%d slot=%d OP=0x%02X "
				"XPD-%d%d (pos=%d)\n",
				num, XPACKET_LEN(pack), XPACKET_IS_PCM(pack),
				XPACKET_PCMSLOT(pack), XPACKET_OP(pack),
				XPACKET_ADDR_UNIT(pack),
				XPACKET_ADDR_SUBUNIT(pack), pos);
			dump_packet("     ", pack, debug);
		}
		num++;
		pos = nextpos;
		if (pos >= frm_len)
			break;
	} while (1);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&serialize_dump_xframe, flags);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(dump_xframe);

/**
 *
 * Frame is freed:
 *	- In case of error, by this function.
 *	- Otherwise, by the underlying sending mechanism
 */
int send_pcm_frame(xbus_t *xbus, xframe_t *xframe)
{
	struct xbus_ops *ops;
	int ret = -ENODEV;

	BUG_ON(!xframe);
	if (!XBUS_IS(xbus, READY)) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus,
			 "Dropped a pcm frame -- hardware is not ready.\n");
		ret = -ENODEV;
		goto error;
	}
	ops = transportops_get(xbus);
	BUG_ON(!ops);
	ret = ops->xframe_send_pcm(xbus, xframe);
	transportops_put(xbus);
	if (ret)
		XBUS_COUNTER(xbus, TX_BYTES) += XFRAME_LEN(xframe);
	return ret;

error:
	FREE_SEND_XFRAME(xbus, xframe);
	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(send_pcm_frame);

static int really_send_cmd_frame(xbus_t *xbus, xframe_t *xframe)
{
	struct xbus_ops *ops;
	int ret;

	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	BUG_ON(!xframe);
	BUG_ON(xframe->xframe_magic != XFRAME_MAGIC);
	if (!XBUS_FLAGS(xbus, CONNECTED)) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus,
			"Dropped command before sending -- "
			"hardware deactivated.\n");
		dump_xframe("Dropped", xbus, xframe, DBG_ANY);
		FREE_SEND_XFRAME(xbus, xframe);
		return -ENODEV;
	}
	ops = transportops_get(xbus);
	BUG_ON(!ops);
	if (debug & DBG_COMMANDS)
		dump_xframe("TX-CMD", xbus, xframe, DBG_ANY);
	ret = ops->xframe_send_cmd(xbus, xframe);
	transportops_put(xbus);
	if (ret == 0) {
		XBUS_COUNTER(xbus, TX_CMD)++;
		XBUS_COUNTER(xbus, TX_BYTES) += XFRAME_LEN(xframe);
	}
	return ret;
}

int xbus_command_queue_tick(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	xframe_t *frm;
	int ret = 0;
	int packno;

	xbus->command_tick_counter++;
	xbus->usec_nosend -= 1000;	/* That's our budget */
	for (packno = 0; packno < 3; packno++) {
		if (xbus->usec_nosend > 0)
			break;
		frm = xframe_dequeue(&xbus->command_queue);
		if (!frm) {
			wake_up(&xbus->command_queue_empty);
			break;
		}
		BUG_ON(frm->xframe_magic != XFRAME_MAGIC);
		xbus->usec_nosend += frm->usec_towait;
		ret = really_send_cmd_frame(xbus, frm);
		if (ret < 0) {
			XBUS_ERR(xbus,
				 "Failed to send from command_queue (ret=%d)\n",
				 ret);
			xbus_setstate(xbus, XBUS_STATE_FAIL);
		}
	}
	if (xbus->usec_nosend < 0)
		xbus->usec_nosend = 0;
	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_command_queue_tick);

static void xbus_command_queue_clean(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	xframe_t *frm;

	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "count=%d\n", xbus->command_queue.count);
	xframe_queue_disable(&xbus->command_queue, 1);
	while ((frm = xframe_dequeue(&xbus->command_queue)) != NULL)
		FREE_SEND_XFRAME(xbus, frm);
}

static int xbus_command_queue_waitempty(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	int ret;

	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Waiting for command_queue to empty\n");
	ret =
	    wait_event_interruptible(xbus->command_queue_empty,
				     xframe_queue_count(&xbus->command_queue) ==
				     0);
	if (ret)
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "waiting for command_queue interrupted!!!\n");
	return ret;
}

int send_cmd_frame(xbus_t *xbus, xframe_t *xframe)
{
	static int rate_limit;
	int ret = 0;

	BUG_ON(xframe->xframe_magic != XFRAME_MAGIC);
	if (!XBUS_FLAGS(xbus, CONNECTED)) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus,
			"Dropped command before queueing -- "
			"hardware deactivated.\n");
		ret = -ENODEV;
		goto err;
	}
	if (debug & DBG_COMMANDS)
		dump_xframe(__func__, xbus, xframe, DBG_ANY);
	if (!xframe_enqueue(&xbus->command_queue, xframe)) {
		if ((rate_limit++ % 1003) == 0) {
			XBUS_ERR(xbus,
				"Dropped command xframe. Cannot enqueue (%d)\n",
				rate_limit);
			dump_xframe(__func__, xbus, xframe, DBG_ANY);
		}
		xbus_setstate(xbus, XBUS_STATE_FAIL);
		ret = -E2BIG;
		goto err;
	}
	return 0;
err:
	FREE_SEND_XFRAME(xbus, xframe);
	return ret;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(send_cmd_frame);

/*------------------------- Receive Tasklet Handling ---------------*/

static void xframe_enqueue_recv(xbus_t *xbus, xframe_t *xframe)
{
	int cpu = smp_processor_id();

	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	xbus->cpu_rcv_intr[cpu]++;
	if (!xframe_enqueue(&xbus->receive_queue, xframe)) {
		static int rate_limit;

		if ((rate_limit++ % 1003) == 0)
			XBUS_ERR(xbus,
				 "Failed to enqueue for receive_tasklet (%d)\n",
				 rate_limit);
		FREE_RECV_XFRAME(xbus, xframe);	/* return to receive_pool */
		return;
	}
	tasklet_schedule(&xbus->receive_tasklet);
}

/*
 * process frames in the receive_queue in a tasklet
 */
static void receive_tasklet_func(unsigned long data)
{
	xbus_t *xbus = (xbus_t *)data;
	xframe_t *xframe = NULL;
	int cpu = smp_processor_id();

	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	xbus->cpu_rcv_tasklet[cpu]++;
	while ((xframe = xframe_dequeue(&xbus->receive_queue)) != NULL)
		xframe_receive(xbus, xframe);
}

void xbus_receive_xframe(xbus_t *xbus, xframe_t *xframe)
{
	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	if (xbus_is_shutting_down(xbus->num)) {
		static int rate_limit;

		if ((rate_limit++ % 1000) == 0)
			XBUS_NOTICE(xbus, "%s: during shutdown (%d)\n",
					__func__, rate_limit);
		return;
	}
	if (rx_tasklet) {
		xframe_enqueue_recv(xbus, xframe);
	} else {
		if (likely(XBUS_FLAGS(xbus, CONNECTED)))
			xframe_receive(xbus, xframe);
		else
			/* return to receive_pool */
			FREE_RECV_XFRAME(xbus, xframe);
	}
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_receive_xframe);

/*------------------------- Bus Management -------------------------*/
xpd_t *xpd_of(const xbus_t *xbus, int xpd_num)
{
	if (!VALID_XPD_NUM(xpd_num))
		return NULL;
	return xbus->xpds[xpd_num];
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xpd_of);

xpd_t *xpd_byaddr(const xbus_t *xbus, uint unit, uint subunit)
{
	if (unit > MAX_UNIT || subunit > MAX_SUBUNIT)
		return NULL;
	return xbus->xpds[XPD_IDX(unit, subunit)];
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xpd_byaddr);

int xbus_xpd_bind(xbus_t *xbus, xpd_t *xpd, int unit, int subunit)
{
	unsigned int xpd_num;
	unsigned long flags;

	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	xpd_num = XPD_IDX(unit, subunit);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "XPD #%d\n", xpd_num);
	spin_lock_irqsave(&xbus->lock, flags);
	if (!VALID_XPD_NUM(xpd_num)) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "Bad xpd_num = %d\n", xpd_num);
		BUG();
	}
	if (xbus->xpds[xpd_num] != NULL) {
		xpd_t *other = xbus->xpds[xpd_num];

		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "xpd_num=%d is occupied by %p (%s)\n", xpd_num,
			 other, other->xpdname);
		BUG();
	}
	snprintf(xpd->xpdname, XPD_NAMELEN, "XPD-%1d%1d", unit, subunit);
	MKADDR(&xpd->addr, unit, subunit);
	xpd->xbus_idx = xpd_num;
	xbus->xpds[xpd_num] = xpd;
	xpd->xbus = xbus;
	atomic_inc(&xbus->num_xpds);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbus->lock, flags);
	/* Must be done out of atomic context */
	if (xpd_device_register(xbus, xpd) < 0) {
		XPD_ERR(xpd, "%s: xpd_device_register() failed\n", __func__);
		/* FIXME: What to do? */
	}
	return 0;
}

int xbus_xpd_unbind(xbus_t *xbus, xpd_t *xpd)
{
	unsigned int xpd_num = xpd->xbus_idx;
	unsigned long flags;

	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "XPD #%d\n", xpd_num);
	if (!VALID_XPD_NUM(xpd_num)) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "%s: Bad xpd_num = %d\n", __func__, xpd_num);
		BUG();
	}
	if (xbus->xpds[xpd_num] == NULL) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "%s: slot xpd_num=%d is empty\n", __func__,
			 xpd_num);
		BUG();
	}
	if (xbus->xpds[xpd_num] != xpd) {
		xpd_t *other = xbus->xpds[xpd_num];

		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "%s: slot xpd_num=%d is occupied by %p (%s)\n",
			 __func__, xpd_num, other, other->xpdname);
		BUG();
	}
	spin_lock_irqsave(&xbus->lock, flags);
	xpd->xbus = NULL;
	xbus->xpds[xpd_num] = NULL;
	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&xbus->num_xpds))
		xbus_setstate(xbus, XBUS_STATE_IDLE);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbus->lock, flags);
	return 0;
}

static xpd_type_t xpd_hw2xpd_type(const struct unit_descriptor *unit_descriptor)
{
	xpd_type_t xpd_type;

	switch (unit_descriptor->type) {
	case 1:
	case 6:
		xpd_type = XPD_TYPE_FXS;
		break;
	case 2:
		xpd_type = XPD_TYPE_FXO;
		break;
	case 3:
		xpd_type = XPD_TYPE_BRI;
		break;
	case 4:
		xpd_type = XPD_TYPE_PRI;
		break;
	case 5:
		xpd_type = XPD_TYPE_ECHO;
		break;
	case 7:
		xpd_type = XPD_TYPE_NOMODULE;
		break;
	default:
		NOTICE("WARNING: xpd hw type is: %d\n", unit_descriptor->type);
		xpd_type = XPD_TYPE_NOMODULE;
		break;
	}
	return xpd_type;
}

int subunits_of_xpd(const struct unit_descriptor* unit_descriptor,
		const xproto_table_t *proto_table) {
	int ports = unit_descriptor->ports_per_chip * unit_descriptor->numchips;

	return
		(ports + proto_table->ports_per_subunit - 1)
		/ proto_table->ports_per_subunit;
}

static int new_card(xbus_t *xbus, const struct unit_descriptor *unit_descriptor)
{
	int unit = unit_descriptor->addr.unit;
	xpd_type_t xpd_type;
	__u8 hw_type;
	__u8 numchips;
	__u8 ports_per_chip;
	__u8 ports;
	__u8 port_dir;
	const xproto_table_t *proto_table;
	int i;
	int subunits;
	int ret = 0;
	int remaining_ports;
	const struct echoops *echoops;

	/* Translate parameters from "unit_descriptor" */
	hw_type = unit_descriptor->type;
	numchips = unit_descriptor->numchips;
	ports_per_chip = unit_descriptor->ports_per_chip;
	port_dir = unit_descriptor->port_dir;
	ports = unit_descriptor->ports_per_chip * unit_descriptor->numchips;
	xpd_type = xpd_hw2xpd_type(unit_descriptor);
	proto_table = xproto_get(xpd_type);
	if (!proto_table) {
		XBUS_NOTICE(xbus,
			"CARD %d: missing protocol table for xpd_type %d. "
			"Ignored.\n",
			unit, xpd_type);
		return -EINVAL;
	}
	echoops = proto_table->echoops;
	if (echoops) {
		XBUS_INFO(xbus, "Detected ECHO Canceler (%d)\n", unit);
		if (ECHOOPS(xbus)) {
			XBUS_NOTICE(xbus,
				"CARD %d: tryies to define echoops (xpd_type %d) "
				"but we already have one. Ignored.\n",
				unit, xpd_type);
			return -EINVAL;
		}
		xbus->echo_state.echoops = echoops;
		xbus->echo_state.xpd_idx = XPD_IDX(unit, 0);
	}
	remaining_ports = ports;
	subunits = subunits_of_xpd(unit_descriptor, proto_table);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus,
		"CARD %d xpd_type=%d/hw_type=%d ports=%d (%dx%d), "
		"%d subunits, port-dir=0x%02X\n",
		unit, xpd_type, hw_type, ports, numchips, ports_per_chip, subunits,
		port_dir);
	if (xpd_type == XPD_TYPE_PRI || xpd_type == XPD_TYPE_BRI)
		xbus->quirks.has_digital_span = 1;
	if (xpd_type == XPD_TYPE_FXO)
		xbus->quirks.has_fxo = 1;
	xbus->worker.num_units += subunits - 1;
	for (i = 0; i < subunits; i++) {
		int subunit_ports = proto_table->ports_per_subunit;

		if (subunit_ports > remaining_ports)
			subunit_ports = remaining_ports;
		remaining_ports -= proto_table->ports_per_subunit;
		if (subunit_ports <= 0) {
			XBUS_NOTICE(xbus,
				"Subunit XPD=%d%d without ports (%d of %d)\n",
				unit, i, subunit_ports, ports);
			ret = -ENODEV;
			goto out;
		}
		if (!XBUS_IS(xbus, RECVD_DESC)) {
			XBUS_NOTICE(xbus,
				    "Cannot create XPD=%d%d in state %s\n",
				    unit, i, xbus_statename(XBUS_STATE(xbus)));
			ret = -ENODEV;
			goto out;
		}
		XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus,
			 "Creating XPD=%d%d xpd_type=%d.%d hw_type=%d (%d ports)\n", unit, i,
			 xpd_type, unit_descriptor->subtype, hw_type, subunit_ports);
		ret =
		    create_xpd(xbus, proto_table, unit_descriptor, unit, i, xpd_type);
		if (ret < 0) {
			XBUS_ERR(xbus, "Creation of XPD=%d%d failed %d\n", unit,
				 i, ret);
			goto out;
		}
		xbus->worker.num_units_initialized++;
	}
out:
	xproto_put(proto_table);	/* ref count is inside the xpds now */
	return ret;
}

static void xbus_release_xpds(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	int i;

	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "[%s] Release XPDS\n", xbus->label);
	for (i = 0; i < MAX_XPDS; i++) {
		xpd_t *xpd = xpd_of(xbus, i);

		if (xpd)
			put_xpd(__func__, xpd);
	}
}

static int xbus_aquire_xpds(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	int i;
	int ret = 0;
	xpd_t *xpd;

	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "[%s] Aquire XPDS\n", xbus->label);
	spin_lock_irqsave(&xbus->lock, flags);
	for (i = 0; i < MAX_XPDS; i++) {
		xpd = xpd_of(xbus, i);
		if (xpd) {
			xpd = get_xpd(__func__, xpd);
			if (!xpd)
				goto err;
		}
	}
out:
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbus->lock, flags);
	return ret;
err:
	for (--i; i >= 0; i--) {
		xpd = xpd_of(xbus, i);
		if (xpd)
			put_xpd(__func__, xpd);
	}
	ret = -EBUSY;
	goto out;
}

static int xpd_initialize(xpd_t *xpd)
{
	int ret = -ENODEV;

	if (CALL_XMETHOD(card_init, xpd) < 0) {
		XPD_ERR(xpd, "Card Initialization failed\n");
		goto out;
	}
	xpd->card_present = 1;
	if (IS_PHONEDEV(xpd)) {
		/*
		 * Set echo canceler channels (off)
		 * Asterisk will tell us when/if it's needed.
		 */
		CALL_PHONE_METHOD(echocancel_setmask, xpd, 0);
		/* Turn on all channels */
		CALL_PHONE_METHOD(card_state, xpd, 1);
	}
	if (!xpd_setstate(xpd, XPD_STATE_READY))
		goto out;
	XPD_INFO(xpd, "Initialized: %s\n", xpd->type_name);
	ret = 0;
out:
	return ret;
}

static int xbus_echocancel(xbus_t *xbus, int on)
{
	int unit;
	int subunit;
	xpd_t *xpd;

	if (!ECHOOPS(xbus))
		return 0;
	for (unit = 0; unit < MAX_UNIT; unit++) {
		xpd = xpd_byaddr(xbus, unit, 0);
		if (!xpd || !IS_PHONEDEV(xpd))
			continue;
		for (subunit = 0; subunit < MAX_SUBUNIT; subunit++) {
			int ret;

			xpd = xpd_byaddr(xbus, unit, subunit);
			if (!xpd || !IS_PHONEDEV(xpd))
				continue;
			ret = echocancel_xpd(xpd, on);
			if (ret < 0) {
				XPD_ERR(xpd, "Fail in xbus_echocancel()\n");
				return ret;
			}
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

static void xbus_deactivate_xpds(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	int unit;
	int subunit;
	xpd_t *xpd;

	for (unit = 0; unit < MAX_UNIT; unit++) {
		xpd = xpd_byaddr(xbus, unit, 0);
		if (!xpd)
			continue;
		for (subunit = 0; subunit < MAX_SUBUNIT; subunit++) {
			xpd = xpd_byaddr(xbus, unit, subunit);
			if (!xpd)
				continue;
			spin_lock_irqsave(&xpd->lock, flags);
			xpd->card_present = 0;
			xpd_setstate(xpd, XPD_STATE_NOHW);
			spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xpd->lock, flags);
		}
	}
}

static int xbus_initialize(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	int unit;
	int subunit;
	xpd_t *xpd;
	ktime_t time_start;
	ktime_t time_end;
	unsigned long timediff;
	int res = 0;

	time_start = ktime_get();
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "refcount_xbus=%d\n", refcount_xbus(xbus));
	if (xbus_aquire_xpds(xbus) < 0)	/* Until end of initialization */
		return -EBUSY;
	for (unit = 0; unit < MAX_UNIT; unit++) {
		xpd = xpd_byaddr(xbus, unit, 0);
		if (!xpd)
			continue;
		if (!XBUS_IS(xbus, RECVD_DESC)) {
			XBUS_NOTICE(xbus,
				    "Cannot initialize UNIT=%d in state %s\n",
				    unit, xbus_statename(XBUS_STATE(xbus)));
			goto err;
		}
		if (run_initialize_registers(xpd) < 0) {
			XBUS_ERR(xbus,
				 "Register Initialization of card #%d failed\n",
				 unit);
			goto err;
		}
		for (subunit = 0; subunit < MAX_SUBUNIT; subunit++) {
			int ret;

			xpd = xpd_byaddr(xbus, unit, subunit);
			if (!xpd)
				continue;
			if (!XBUS_IS(xbus, RECVD_DESC)) {
				XBUS_ERR(xbus,
					 "XPD-%d%d Not in 'RECVD_DESC' state\n",
					 unit, subunit);
				goto err;
			}
			ret = xpd_initialize(xpd);
			if (ret < 0)
				goto err;
		}
	}
	xbus_echocancel(xbus, 1);
	time_end = ktime_get();
	timediff = usec_diff(&time_end, &time_start);
	timediff /= 1000 * 100;
	XBUS_INFO(xbus, "Initialized in %ld.%1ld sec\n", timediff / 10,
		  timediff % 10);
out:
	xbus_release_xpds(xbus);	/* Initialization done/failed */
	return res;
err:
	xbus_setstate(xbus, XBUS_STATE_FAIL);
	res = -EINVAL;
	goto out;
}

int xbus_is_registered(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	return xbus->ddev && xbus->ddev->dev.parent;
}

static void xbus_free_ddev(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	if (!xbus->ddev)
		return;
	kfree(xbus->ddev->devicetype);	/* NULL is safe */
	xbus->ddev->devicetype = NULL;
	xbus->ddev->location = NULL;
	xbus->ddev->hardware_id = NULL;
	dahdi_free_device(xbus->ddev);
	xbus->ddev = NULL;
}

static DEFINE_MUTEX(dahdi_registration_mutex);

int xbus_register_dahdi_device(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	int i;
	int offset = 0;
	int ret;

	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Entering %s\n", __func__);
	ret = mutex_lock_interruptible(&dahdi_registration_mutex);
	if (ret < 0) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "dahdi_registration_mutex already taken\n");
		goto err;
	}
	if (xbus_is_registered(xbus)) {
		/*
		 * Ignore duplicate registrations (from dahdi_registration)
		 * Until we completely migrate to dahdi_autoreg=1 and
		 * hotplug-based span-assignments
		 */
		XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Already registered to DAHDI\n");
		ret = 0;
		goto out;
	}
	xbus->ddev = dahdi_create_device();
	if (!xbus->ddev) {
		ret = -ENOMEM;
		goto err;
	}
	/*
	 * This actually describe the dahdi_spaninfo version 3
	 * A bunch of unrelated data exported via a modified ioctl()
	 * What a bummer...
	 */
	xbus->ddev->manufacturer = "Xorcom Inc.";	/* OK, that's obvious */
	/* span->spantype = "...."; set in card_dahdi_preregistration() */
	/*
	 * Yes, this basically duplicates information available
	 * from the description field. If some more is needed
	 * why not add it there?
	 * OK, let's add to the kernel more useless info.
	 */
	xbus->ddev->devicetype = kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "Astribank2");
	if (!xbus->ddev->devicetype) {
		ret = -ENOMEM;
		goto err;
	}

	/*
	 * location is the only usefull new data item.
	 * For our devices it was available for ages via:
	 *  - The legacy "/proc/xpp/XBUS-??/summary" (CONNECTOR=...)
	 *  - The same info in "/proc/xpp/xbuses"
	 *  - The modern "/sys/bus/astribanks/devices/xbus-??/connector"
	 *    attribute
	 * So let's also export it via the newfangled "location" field.
	 */
	xbus->ddev->location = xbus->connector;
	xbus->ddev->hardware_id = xbus->label;

	/*
	 * Prepare the span list
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < MAX_XPDS; i++) {
		xpd_t *xpd = xpd_of(xbus, i);
		if (xpd && IS_PHONEDEV(xpd)) {
			XPD_DBG(DEVICES, xpd, "offset=%d\n", offset);
			xpd_dahdi_preregister(xpd, offset++);
		}
	}
	if (dahdi_register_device(xbus->ddev, &xbus->astribank)) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "Failed to dahdi_register_device()\n");
		ret = -ENODEV;
		goto err;
	}
	for (i = 0; i < MAX_XPDS; i++) {
		xpd_t *xpd = xpd_of(xbus, i);
		if (xpd && IS_PHONEDEV(xpd)) {
			XPD_DBG(DEVICES, xpd, "\n");
			xpd_dahdi_postregister(xpd);
		}
	}
	ret = 0;
out:
	mutex_unlock(&dahdi_registration_mutex);
	return ret;
err:
	xbus_free_ddev(xbus);
	goto out;
}

void xbus_unregister_dahdi_device(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	int i;
	int ret;

	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "%s\n", __func__);
	ret = mutex_lock_interruptible(&dahdi_registration_mutex);
	if (ret < 0) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "dahdi_registration_mutex already taken\n");
		return;
	}
	if (!xbus_is_registered(xbus)) {
		/*
		 * Ignore duplicate unregistrations
		 */
		XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Already unregistered to DAHDI\n");
		goto err;
	}
	for (i = 0; i < MAX_XPDS; i++) {
		xpd_t *xpd = xpd_of(xbus, i);
		xpd_dahdi_preunregister(xpd);
	}
	if (xbus->ddev) {
		dahdi_unregister_device(xbus->ddev);
		XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus,
			"%s: finished dahdi_unregister_device()\n", __func__);
		xbus_free_ddev(xbus);
	}
	for (i = 0; i < MAX_XPDS; i++) {
		xpd_t *xpd = xpd_of(xbus, i);
		xpd_dahdi_postunregister(xpd);
	}
err:
	mutex_unlock(&dahdi_registration_mutex);
}

/*
 * This must be called from synchronous (non-interrupt) context
 * it returns only when all XPD's on the bus are detected and
 * initialized.
 */
static void xbus_populate(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct xbus_workqueue *worker =
	    container_of(work, struct xbus_workqueue, xpds_init_work);
	xbus_t *xbus;
	struct list_head *card;
	struct list_head *next_card;
	unsigned long flags;
	int ret = 0;

	xbus = container_of(worker, xbus_t, worker);
	xbus = get_xbus(__func__, xbus->num);	/* return in function end */
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Entering %s\n", __func__);
	spin_lock_irqsave(&worker->worker_lock, flags);
	list_for_each_safe(card, next_card, &worker->card_list) {
		struct card_desc_struct *card_desc =
		    list_entry(card, struct card_desc_struct, card_list);

		list_del(card);
		BUG_ON(card_desc->magic != CARD_DESC_MAGIC);
		/* Release/Reacquire locks around blocking calls */
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbus->worker.worker_lock, flags);
		ret = new_card(xbus, &card_desc->unit_descriptor);
		spin_lock_irqsave(&xbus->worker.worker_lock, flags);
		KZFREE(card_desc);
		if (ret)
			break;
	}
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&worker->worker_lock, flags);
	if (xbus_initialize(xbus) < 0) {
		XBUS_NOTICE(xbus,
			"Initialization failed. Leave unused. "
			"refcount_xbus=%d\n",
			refcount_xbus(xbus));
		goto failed;
	}
	if (!xbus_setstate(xbus, XBUS_STATE_READY)) {
		XBUS_NOTICE(xbus,
			"Illegal transition. Leave unused. refcount_xbus=%d\n",
			refcount_xbus(xbus));
		goto failed;
	}
	worker->xpds_init_done = 1;
	/*
	 * Now request Astribank to start self_ticking.
	 * This is the last initialization command. So
	 * all others will reach the device before it.
	 */
	xbus_request_sync(xbus, SYNC_MODE_PLL);
	elect_syncer("xbus_populate(end)");	/* FIXME: try to do it later */
	if (!dahdi_get_auto_assign_spans())
		xbus_register_dahdi_device(xbus);
out:
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Leaving\n");
	wake_up_interruptible_all(&worker->wait_for_xpd_initialization);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "populate release\n");
	up(&worker->running_initialization);
	put_xbus(__func__, xbus);	/* taken at function entry */
	return;
failed:
	xbus_setstate(xbus, XBUS_STATE_FAIL);
	goto out;
}

int xbus_process_worker(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	struct xbus_workqueue *worker;

	if (!xbus) {
		ERR("%s: xbus gone -- skip initialization\n", __func__);
		return 0;
	}
	worker = &xbus->worker;
	if (down_trylock(&worker->running_initialization)) {
		ERR("%s: xbus is disconnected -- skip initialization\n",
		    __func__);
		return 0;
	}
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "\n");
	/* Initialize the work. (adapt to kernel API changes). */
	INIT_WORK(&worker->xpds_init_work, xbus_populate);
	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	/* Now send it */
	if (!queue_work(worker->wq, &worker->xpds_init_work)) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "Failed to queue xpd initialization work\n");
		up(&worker->running_initialization);
		return 0;
	}
	return 1;
}

static void worker_reset(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	struct xbus_workqueue *worker;
	struct list_head *card;
	struct list_head *next_card;
	unsigned long flags;
	char *name;

	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	worker = &xbus->worker;
	name = (xbus) ? xbus->busname : "detached";
	DBG(DEVICES, "%s\n", name);
	if (!worker->xpds_init_done) {
		XBUS_NOTICE(xbus, "XPDS initialization was not finished\n");
	}
	spin_lock_irqsave(&worker->worker_lock, flags);
	list_for_each_safe(card, next_card, &worker->card_list) {
		struct card_desc_struct *card_desc =
		    list_entry(card, struct card_desc_struct, card_list);

		BUG_ON(card_desc->magic != CARD_DESC_MAGIC);
		list_del(card);
		KZFREE(card_desc);
	}
	worker->xpds_init_done = 0;
	worker->num_units = 0;
	worker->num_units_initialized = 0;
	wake_up_interruptible_all(&worker->wait_for_xpd_initialization);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&worker->worker_lock, flags);
}

/*
 * Called only after worker_reset(xbus)
 */
static void worker_destroy(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	struct xbus_workqueue *worker;

	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	worker = &xbus->worker;
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Waiting for worker to finish...\n");
	down(&worker->running_initialization);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Waiting for worker to finish -- done\n");
	if (worker->wq) {
		XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "destroying workqueue...\n");
		flush_workqueue(worker->wq);
		destroy_workqueue(worker->wq);
		worker->wq = NULL;
		XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "destroying workqueue -- done\n");
	}
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "detach worker\n");
	put_xbus(__func__, xbus);	/* got from worker_run() */
}

static void worker_init(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	struct xbus_workqueue *worker;

	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "\n");
	worker = &xbus->worker;
	/* poll related variables */
	spin_lock_init(&worker->worker_lock);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&worker->card_list);
	init_waitqueue_head(&worker->wait_for_xpd_initialization);
	worker->wq = NULL;
	sema_init(&xbus->worker.running_initialization, 1);
}

/*
 * Allocate a worker for the xbus including the nessessary workqueue.
 * May call blocking operations, but only briefly (as we are called
 * from xbus_new() which is called from khubd.
 */
static int worker_run(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	struct xbus_workqueue *worker;

	xbus = get_xbus(__func__, xbus->num);	/* return in worker_destroy() */
	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	BUG_ON(xbus->busname[0] == '\0');	/* No name? */
	worker = &xbus->worker;
	BUG_ON(worker->wq);	/* Hmmm... nested workers? */
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "\n");
	/* poll related variables */
	worker->wq = create_singlethread_workqueue(xbus->busname);
	if (!worker->wq) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "Failed to create worker workqueue.\n");
		goto err;
	}
	return 1;
err:
	worker_reset(xbus);
	worker_destroy(xbus);
	return 0;
}

bool xbus_setflags(xbus_t *xbus, int flagbit, bool on)
{
	unsigned long flags;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&xbus->transport.state_lock, flags);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "%s flag %d\n", (on) ? "Set" : "Clear",
		 flagbit);
	if (on)
		set_bit(flagbit, &(xbus->transport.transport_flags));
	else
		clear_bit(flagbit, &(xbus->transport.transport_flags));
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbus->transport.state_lock, flags);
	return 1;
}

bool xbus_setstate(xbus_t *xbus, enum xbus_state newstate)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	bool ret = 0;
	int state_flip = 0;

	spin_lock_irqsave(&xbus->transport.state_lock, flags);
	if (newstate == XBUS_STATE(xbus)) {
		XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "stay at %s\n",
			 xbus_statename(newstate));
		goto out;
	}
	/* Sanity tests */
	switch (newstate) {
	case XBUS_STATE_START:
		goto bad_state;
	case XBUS_STATE_IDLE:
		if (!XBUS_IS(xbus, START) && !XBUS_IS(xbus, DEACTIVATED))
			goto bad_state;
		break;
	case XBUS_STATE_SENT_REQUEST:
		if (!XBUS_IS(xbus, IDLE) && !XBUS_IS(xbus, SENT_REQUEST))
			goto bad_state;
		break;
	case XBUS_STATE_RECVD_DESC:
		if (!XBUS_IS(xbus, SENT_REQUEST))
			goto bad_state;
		break;
	case XBUS_STATE_READY:
		if (!XBUS_IS(xbus, RECVD_DESC))
			goto bad_state;
		state_flip = 1;	/* We are good */
		break;
	case XBUS_STATE_DEACTIVATING:
		if (XBUS_IS(xbus, DEACTIVATING))
			goto bad_state;
		if (XBUS_IS(xbus, DEACTIVATED))
			goto bad_state;
		break;
	case XBUS_STATE_DEACTIVATED:
		if (!XBUS_IS(xbus, DEACTIVATING))
			goto bad_state;
		break;
	case XBUS_STATE_FAIL:
		if (XBUS_IS(xbus, DEACTIVATING))
			goto bad_state;
		if (XBUS_IS(xbus, DEACTIVATED))
			goto bad_state;
		break;
	default:
		XBUS_NOTICE(xbus, "%s: unknown state %d\n", __func__, newstate);
		goto out;
	}
	/* All good */
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "%s -> %s\n", xbus_statename(XBUS_STATE(xbus)),
		 xbus_statename(newstate));
	if (xbus->transport.xbus_state == XBUS_STATE_READY
	    && newstate != XBUS_STATE_READY)
		state_flip = -1;	/* We became bad */
	xbus->transport.xbus_state = newstate;
	ret = 1;
out:
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbus->transport.state_lock, flags);
	/* Should be sent out of spinlocks */
	if (state_flip > 0)
		astribank_uevent_send(xbus, KOBJ_ONLINE);
	else if (state_flip < 0)
		astribank_uevent_send(xbus, KOBJ_OFFLINE);
	return ret;
bad_state:
	XBUS_NOTICE(xbus, "Bad state transition %s -> %s ignored.\n",
		    xbus_statename(XBUS_STATE(xbus)), xbus_statename(newstate));
	goto out;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_setstate);

int xbus_activate(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	XBUS_INFO(xbus, "[%s] Activating\n", xbus->label);
	xpp_drift_init(xbus);
	xbus_set_command_timer(xbus, 1);
	xframe_queue_disable(&xbus->command_queue, 0);
	/* must be done after transport is valid */
	xbus_setstate(xbus, XBUS_STATE_IDLE);
	CALL_PROTO(GLOBAL, AB_REQUEST, xbus, NULL);
	/*
	 * Make sure Astribank knows not to send us ticks.
	 */
	xbus_request_sync(xbus, SYNC_MODE_NONE);
	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_activate);

int xbus_connect(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	struct xbus_ops *ops;

	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "\n");
	ops = transportops_get(xbus);
	BUG_ON(!ops);
	/* Sanity checks */
	BUG_ON(!ops->xframe_send_pcm);
	BUG_ON(!ops->xframe_send_cmd);
	BUG_ON(!ops->alloc_xframe);
	BUG_ON(!ops->free_xframe);
	xbus_setflags(xbus, XBUS_FLAG_CONNECTED, 1);
	xbus_activate(xbus);
	return 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_connect);

void xbus_deactivate(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	XBUS_INFO(xbus, "[%s] Deactivating\n", xbus->label);
	if (!xbus_setstate(xbus, XBUS_STATE_DEACTIVATING))
		return;
	xbus_request_sync(xbus, SYNC_MODE_NONE);	/* no more ticks */
	elect_syncer("deactivate");
	xbus_echocancel(xbus, 0);
	xbus_deactivate_xpds(xbus);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "[%s] Waiting for queues\n", xbus->label);
	xbus_command_queue_clean(xbus);
	xbus_command_queue_waitempty(xbus);
	xbus_setstate(xbus, XBUS_STATE_DEACTIVATED);
	worker_reset(xbus);
	xbus_unregister_dahdi_device(xbus);
	xbus_release_xpds(xbus);	/* taken in xpd_alloc() [kref_init] */
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_deactivate);

void xbus_disconnect(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	XBUS_INFO(xbus, "[%s] Disconnecting\n", xbus->label);
	xbus_setflags(xbus, XBUS_FLAG_CONNECTED, 0);
	xbus_deactivate(xbus);
	xbus_command_queue_clean(xbus);
	xbus_command_queue_waitempty(xbus);
	tasklet_kill(&xbus->receive_tasklet);
	xframe_queue_clear(&xbus->receive_queue);
	xframe_queue_clear(&xbus->send_pool);
	xframe_queue_clear(&xbus->receive_pool);
	xframe_queue_clear(&xbus->pcm_tospan);
	del_timer_sync(&xbus->command_timer);
	transportops_put(xbus);
	transport_destroy(xbus);
	/* worker_reset(xbus) was called in xbus_deactivate(xbus) */
	worker_destroy(xbus);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Deactivated refcount_xbus=%d\n",
		 refcount_xbus(xbus));
	xbus_sysfs_transport_remove(xbus);	/* Device-Model */
	put_xbus(__func__, xbus);	/* from xbus_new() [kref_init()] */
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_disconnect);

static xbus_t *xbus_alloc(void)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	xbus_t *xbus;
	int i;

	xbus = KZALLOC(sizeof(xbus_t), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!xbus) {
		ERR("%s: out of memory\n", __func__);
		return NULL;
	}
	spin_lock_irqsave(&xbuses_lock, flags);
	for (i = 0; i < MAX_BUSES; i++)
		if (xbuses_array[i].xbus == NULL)
			break;
	if (i >= MAX_BUSES) {
		ERR("%s: No free slot for new bus. i=%d\n", __func__, i);
		KZFREE(xbus);
		xbus = NULL;
		goto out;
	}
	/* Found empty slot */
	xbus->num = i;
	init_xbus(i, xbus);
out:
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbuses_lock, flags);
	return xbus;
}

void xbus_free(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	unsigned long flags;
	uint num;

	if (!xbus)
		return;
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Free\n");
	spin_lock_irqsave(&xbuses_lock, flags);
	num = xbus->num;
	BUG_ON(!xbuses_array[num].xbus);
	BUG_ON(xbus != xbuses_array[num].xbus);
	init_xbus(num, NULL);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbuses_lock, flags);
#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
	if (xbus->proc_xbus_dir) {
		if (xbus->proc_xbus_summary) {
			XBUS_DBG(PROC, xbus, "Removing proc '%s'\n",
				 PROC_XBUS_SUMMARY);
			remove_proc_entry(PROC_XBUS_SUMMARY,
					  xbus->proc_xbus_dir);
			xbus->proc_xbus_summary = NULL;
		}
#ifdef	PROTOCOL_DEBUG
		if (xbus->proc_xbus_command) {
			XBUS_DBG(PROC, xbus, "Removing proc '%s'\n",
				 PROC_XBUS_COMMAND);
			remove_proc_entry(PROC_XBUS_COMMAND,
					  xbus->proc_xbus_dir);
			xbus->proc_xbus_command = NULL;
		}
#endif
		XBUS_DBG(PROC, xbus, "Removing proc directory\n");
		remove_proc_entry(xbus->busname, xpp_proc_toplevel);
		xbus->proc_xbus_dir = NULL;
	}
#endif
	spin_lock_irqsave(&xbuses_lock, flags);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Going to free...\n");
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbuses_lock, flags);
	KZFREE(xbus);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_free);

xbus_t *xbus_new(struct xbus_ops *ops, ushort max_send_size,
		 struct device *transport_device, void *priv)
{
	int err;
	xbus_t *xbus = NULL;

	BUG_ON(!ops);
	xbus = xbus_alloc();
	if (!xbus) {
		ERR("%s: Failed allocating new xbus\n", __func__);
		return NULL;
	}
	snprintf(xbus->busname, XBUS_NAMELEN, "XBUS-%02d", xbus->num);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "\n");
	transport_init(xbus, ops, max_send_size, transport_device, priv);
	spin_lock_init(&xbus->lock);
	init_waitqueue_head(&xbus->command_queue_empty);
	atomic_set(&xbus->pcm_rx_counter, 0);
	xbus->min_tx_sync = INT_MAX;
	xbus->min_rx_sync = INT_MAX;

	kref_init(&xbus->kref);
	worker_init(xbus);
	atomic_set(&xbus->num_xpds, 0);
	xbus->sync_mode = SYNC_MODE_NONE;
	xbus->sync_mode_default = SYNC_MODE_PLL;
	err = xbus_sysfs_create(xbus);
	if (err) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "SYSFS creation failed: %d\n", err);
		goto nobus;
	}
	err = xbus_sysfs_transport_create(xbus);
	if (err) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "SYSFS transport link creation failed: %d\n",
			 err);
		goto nobus;
	}
	xbus_reset_counters(xbus);
#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
	XBUS_DBG(PROC, xbus, "Creating xbus proc directory\n");
	xbus->proc_xbus_dir = proc_mkdir(xbus->busname, xpp_proc_toplevel);
	if (!xbus->proc_xbus_dir) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "Failed to create proc directory\n");
		err = -EIO;
		goto nobus;
	}
	xbus->proc_xbus_summary = proc_create_data(PROC_XBUS_SUMMARY, 0444,
					xbus->proc_xbus_dir,
					&xbus_read_proc_ops,
					(void *)((unsigned long)xbus->num));
	if (!xbus->proc_xbus_summary) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "Failed to create proc file '%s'\n",
			 PROC_XBUS_SUMMARY);
		err = -EIO;
		goto nobus;
	}
#ifdef	PROTOCOL_DEBUG
	xbus->proc_xbus_command = proc_create_data(PROC_XBUS_COMMAND, 0200,
					xbus->proc_xbus_dir,
					&proc_xbus_command_ops, xbus);
	if (!xbus->proc_xbus_command) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "Failed to create proc file '%s'\n",
			 PROC_XBUS_COMMAND);
		err = -EIO;
		goto nobus;
	}
#endif
#endif
	xframe_queue_init(&xbus->command_queue, 10, command_queue_length,
			  "command_queue", xbus);
	xframe_queue_init(&xbus->receive_queue, 10, 50, "receive_queue", xbus);
	xframe_queue_init(&xbus->send_pool, 10, 100, "send_pool", xbus);
	xframe_queue_init(&xbus->receive_pool, 10, 50, "receive_pool", xbus);
	xframe_queue_init(&xbus->pcm_tospan, 5, 10, "pcm_tospan", xbus);
	tasklet_init(&xbus->receive_tasklet, receive_tasklet_func,
		     (unsigned long)xbus);
	/*
	 * Create worker after /proc/XBUS-?? so the directory exists
	 * before /proc/XBUS-??/waitfor_xpds tries to get created.
	 */
	if (!worker_run(xbus)) {
		ERR("Failed to allocate worker\n");
		goto nobus;
	}
	return xbus;
nobus:
	xbus_free(xbus);
	return NULL;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_new);

/*------------------------- Proc handling --------------------------*/

void xbus_reset_counters(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	int i;

	XBUS_DBG(GENERAL, xbus, "Reseting counters\n");
	for (i = 0; i < XBUS_COUNTER_MAX; i++)
		xbus->counters[i] = 0;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(xbus_reset_counters);

static bool xpds_done(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	if (XBUS_IS(xbus, FAIL))
		return 1;	/* Nothing to wait for */
	if (xbus->worker.xpds_init_done)
		return 1;	/* All good */
	/* Keep waiting */
	return 0;
}

int waitfor_xpds(xbus_t *xbus, char *buf)
{
	struct xbus_workqueue *worker;
	unsigned long flags;
	int ret;
	int len = 0;

	/*
	 * FIXME: worker is created before ?????
	 * So by now it exists and initialized.
	 */
	worker = &xbus->worker;
	BUG_ON(!worker);
	if (!worker->wq) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "Missing worker thread. Skipping.\n");
		len = -ENODEV;
		goto out;
	}
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus,
		 "Waiting for card init of XPDs max %d seconds\n",
		 INITIALIZATION_TIMEOUT / HZ);
	ret =
	    wait_event_interruptible_timeout(worker->
					     wait_for_xpd_initialization,
					     xpds_done(xbus),
					     INITIALIZATION_TIMEOUT);
	if (ret == 0) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "Card Initialization Timeout\n");
		len = -ETIMEDOUT;
		goto out;
	} else if (ret < 0) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "Card Initialization Interrupted %d\n", ret);
		len = ret;
		goto out;
	} else
		XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus,
			 "Finished initialization of %d XPD's in %d seconds.\n",
			 worker->num_units_initialized,
			 (INITIALIZATION_TIMEOUT - ret) / HZ);
	if (XBUS_IS(xbus, FAIL)) {
		len += sprintf(buf, "FAILED: %s\n", xbus->busname);
	} else {
		spin_lock_irqsave(&xbus->lock, flags);
		len +=
		    sprintf(buf, "XPDS_READY: %s: %d/%d\n", xbus->busname,
			    worker->num_units_initialized, worker->num_units);
		spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbus->lock, flags);
	}
out:
	return len;
}

#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS

static void xbus_fill_proc_queue(struct seq_file *sfile, struct xframe_queue *q)
{
	seq_printf(sfile,
		"%-15s: counts %3d, %3d, %3d worst %3d, overflows %3d worst_lag %02lld.%lld ms\n",
		q->name, q->steady_state_count, q->count, q->max_count,
		q->worst_count, q->overflows, q->worst_lag_usec / 1000,
		q->worst_lag_usec % 1000);
	xframe_queue_clearstats(q);
}

static int xbus_proc_show(struct seq_file *sfile, void *data)
{
	xbus_t *xbus;
	unsigned long flags;
	int len = 0;
	int i = (int)((unsigned long)sfile->private);

	xbus = get_xbus(__func__, i);	/* until end of xbus_proc_show() */
	if (!xbus)
		return -EINVAL;
	spin_lock_irqsave(&xbus->lock, flags);

	seq_printf(sfile, "%s: CONNECTOR=%s LABEL=[%s] STATUS=%s\n",
		    xbus->busname, xbus->connector, xbus->label,
		    (XBUS_FLAGS(xbus, CONNECTED)) ? "connected" : "missing");
	xbus_fill_proc_queue(sfile, &xbus->send_pool);
	xbus_fill_proc_queue(sfile, &xbus->receive_pool);
	xbus_fill_proc_queue(sfile, &xbus->command_queue);
	xbus_fill_proc_queue(sfile, &xbus->receive_queue);
	xbus_fill_proc_queue(sfile, &xbus->pcm_tospan);
	if (rx_tasklet) {
		seq_printf(sfile, "\ncpu_rcv_intr:    ");
		for_each_online_cpu(i)
		    seq_printf(sfile, "%5d ", xbus->cpu_rcv_intr[i]);
		seq_printf(sfile, "\ncpu_rcv_tasklet: ");
		for_each_online_cpu(i)
		    seq_printf(sfile, "%5d ", xbus->cpu_rcv_tasklet[i]);
		seq_printf(sfile, "\n");
	}
	seq_printf(sfile, "self_ticking: %d (last_tick at %lld)\n",
		    xbus->self_ticking, ktime_divns(xbus->ticker.last_sample,
						    NSEC_PER_SEC));
	seq_printf(sfile, "command_tick: %d\n",
		    xbus->command_tick_counter);
	seq_printf(sfile, "usec_nosend: %d\n", xbus->usec_nosend);
	seq_printf(sfile, "xbus: pcm_rx_counter = %d, frag = %d\n",
		    atomic_read(&xbus->pcm_rx_counter), xbus->xbus_frag_count);
	seq_printf(sfile, "max_rx_process = %2ld.%ld ms\n",
		    xbus->max_rx_process / 1000, xbus->max_rx_process % 1000);
	xbus->max_rx_process = 0;
	seq_printf(sfile, "\nTRANSPORT: max_send_size=%d refcount=%d\n",
		    MAX_SEND_SIZE(xbus),
		    atomic_read(&xbus->transport.transport_refcount)
	    );
	seq_printf(sfile, "PCM Metrices:\n");
	seq_printf(sfile, "\tPCM TX: min=%ld  max=%ld\n",
		    xbus->min_tx_sync, xbus->max_tx_sync);
	seq_printf(sfile, "\tPCM RX: min=%ld  max=%ld\n",
		    xbus->min_rx_sync, xbus->max_rx_sync);
	seq_printf(sfile, "COUNTERS:\n");
	for (i = 0; i < XBUS_COUNTER_MAX; i++) {
		seq_printf(sfile, "\t%-15s = %d\n", xbus_counters[i].name,
			    xbus->counters[i]);
	}
	seq_printf(sfile, "<-- len=%d\n", len);
	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&xbus->lock, flags);
	put_xbus(__func__, xbus);	/* from xbus_proc_show() */
	return 0;

}

static int xbus_read_proc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	return single_open(file, xbus_proc_show, PDE_DATA(inode));
}

static const struct file_operations xbus_read_proc_ops = {
	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
	.open		= xbus_read_proc_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= single_release,
};

#ifdef	PROTOCOL_DEBUG
static ssize_t proc_xbus_command_write(struct file *file,
		const char __user *buffer, size_t count, loff_t *offset)
{
	char *buf;
	xbus_t *xbus = file->private_data;
	char *p;
	__u8 *pack_start;
	__u8 *q;
	xframe_t *xframe;
	size_t len;
	const size_t max_len = xbus->transport.max_send_size;
	const size_t max_text = max_len * 3 + 10;

	if (count > max_text) {
		XBUS_ERR(xbus, "%s: line too long (%zd > %zd)\n", __func__,
			 count, max_len);
		return -EFBIG;
	}
	/* 3 bytes per hex-digit and space */
	buf = kmalloc(max_text, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!buf)
		return -ENOMEM;
	if (copy_from_user(buf, buffer, count)) {
		count = -EINVAL;
		goto out;
	}
	buf[count] = '\0';
	XBUS_DBG(GENERAL, xbus, "count=%zd\n", count);
	/*
	 * We replace the content of buf[] from
	 * ascii representation to packet content
	 * as the binary representation is shorter
	 */
	q = pack_start = buf;
	for (p = buf; *p;) {
		int val;
		char hexdigit[3];

		/* skip whitespace */
		while (*p && isspace(*p))
			p++;
		if (!(*p))
			break;
		if (!isxdigit(*p)) {
			XBUS_ERR(xbus,
				"%s: bad hex value ASCII='0x%X' "
				"at position %ld\n",
				__func__, *p, (long)(p - buf));
			count = -EINVAL;
			goto out;
		}
		hexdigit[0] = *p++;
		hexdigit[1] = '\0';
		hexdigit[2] = '\0';
		if (isxdigit(*p))
			hexdigit[1] = *p++;
		if (sscanf(hexdigit, "%2X", &val) != 1) {
			XBUS_ERR(xbus,
				 "%s: bad hex value '%s' at position %ld\n",
				 __func__, hexdigit, (long)(p - buf));
			count = -EINVAL;
			goto out;
		}
		*q++ = val;
		XBUS_DBG(GENERAL, xbus, "%3zd> '%s' val=%d\n", q - pack_start,
			 hexdigit, val);
	}
	len = q - pack_start;
	xframe = ALLOC_SEND_XFRAME(xbus);
	if (!xframe) {
		count = -ENOMEM;
		goto out;
	}
	if (len > max_len)
		len = max_len;
	atomic_set(&xframe->frame_len, len);
	memcpy(xframe->packets, pack_start, len);	/* FIXME: checksum? */
	dump_xframe("COMMAND", xbus, xframe, debug);
	send_cmd_frame(xbus, xframe);
out:
	kfree(buf);
	return count;
}

static int proc_xbus_command_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	file->private_data = PDE_DATA(inode);
	return 0;
}

static const struct file_operations proc_xbus_command_ops = {
	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
	.open		= proc_xbus_command_open,
	.write		= proc_xbus_command_write,
};
#endif

static int xpp_proc_read_show(struct seq_file *sfile, void *data)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < MAX_BUSES; i++) {
		xbus_t *xbus = get_xbus(__func__, i);

		if (xbus) {
			seq_printf(sfile,
				    "%s: CONNECTOR=%s LABEL=[%s] STATUS=%s\n",
				    xbus->busname, xbus->connector, xbus->label,
				    (XBUS_FLAGS(xbus, CONNECTED)) ? "connected"
				    : "missing");
			put_xbus(__func__, xbus);
		}
	}
#if 0
	seq_printf(sfile, "<-- len=%d\n", len);
#endif
	return 0;
}

static int xpp_proc_read_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
	return single_open(file, xpp_proc_read_show, PDE_DATA(inode));
}

static const struct file_operations xpp_proc_read_ops = {
	.owner		= THIS_MODULE,
	.open		= xpp_proc_read_open,
	.read		= seq_read,
	.llseek		= seq_lseek,
	.release	= single_release,
};

#endif

static void transport_init(xbus_t *xbus, struct xbus_ops *ops,
			   ushort max_send_size,
			   struct device *transport_device, void *priv)
{
	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	BUG_ON(!ops);
	BUG_ON(!ops->xframe_send_pcm);
	BUG_ON(!ops->xframe_send_cmd);
	BUG_ON(!ops->alloc_xframe);
	BUG_ON(!ops->free_xframe);
	xbus->transport.ops = ops;
	xbus->transport.max_send_size = max_send_size;
	xbus->transport.transport_device = transport_device;
	xbus->transport.priv = priv;
	xbus->transport.xbus_state = XBUS_STATE_START;
	spin_lock_init(&xbus->transport.state_lock);
	spin_lock_init(&xbus->transport.lock);
	atomic_set(&xbus->transport.transport_refcount, 0);
	xbus_setflags(xbus, XBUS_FLAG_CONNECTED, 0);
	init_waitqueue_head(&xbus->transport.transport_unused);
}

static void transport_destroy(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	int ret;

	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	XBUS_DBG(DEVICES, xbus, "Waiting... (transport_refcount=%d)\n",
		 atomic_read(&xbus->transport.transport_refcount));
	ret =
	    wait_event_interruptible(xbus->transport.transport_unused,
				     atomic_read(&xbus->transport.
						 transport_refcount) == 0);
	if (ret)
		XBUS_ERR(xbus,
			 "Waiting for transport_refcount interrupted!!!\n");
	xbus->transport.ops = NULL;
	xbus->transport.priv = NULL;
}

struct xbus_ops *transportops_get(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	struct xbus_ops *ops;

	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	atomic_inc(&xbus->transport.transport_refcount);
	ops = xbus->transport.ops;
	if (!ops)
		atomic_dec(&xbus->transport.transport_refcount);
	/* fall through */
	return ops;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(transportops_get);

void transportops_put(xbus_t *xbus)
{
	struct xbus_ops *ops;

	BUG_ON(!xbus);
	ops = xbus->transport.ops;
	BUG_ON(!ops);
	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&xbus->transport.transport_refcount))
		wake_up(&xbus->transport.transport_unused);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(transportops_put);

/*------------------------- Initialization -------------------------*/
static void xbus_core_cleanup(void)
{
	finalize_xbuses_array();
#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
	if (proc_xbuses) {
		DBG(PROC, "Removing " PROC_XBUSES " from proc\n");
		remove_proc_entry(PROC_XBUSES, xpp_proc_toplevel);
		proc_xbuses = NULL;
	}
#endif
}

int __init xbus_core_init(void)
{
	int ret = 0;

	if (dahdi_autoreg == 1) {
		NOTICE("WARNING: The dahdi_autoreg parameter is deprecated " \
			"-- just set dahdi.auto_assign_spans=0\n");
	}
	initialize_xbuses_array();
#ifdef PROTOCOL_DEBUG
	INFO("FEATURE: with PROTOCOL_DEBUG\n");
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
	proc_xbuses = proc_create_data(PROC_XBUSES, 0444, xpp_proc_toplevel,
				       &xpp_proc_read_ops, NULL);
	if (!proc_xbuses) {
		ERR("Failed to create proc file %s\n", PROC_XBUSES);
		ret = -EFAULT;
		goto err;
	}
#endif
	if ((ret = xpp_driver_init()) < 0)
		goto err;
	return 0;
err:
	xbus_core_cleanup();
	return ret;
}

void xbus_core_shutdown(void)
{
	xbus_core_cleanup();
	xpp_driver_exit();
}